Molotov

Late 1897


http://i.imgur.com/pjrc8Jy.png

World Conflicts
Pacification of Africa
Rebellions in the Spanish Empire

World News

Africa

- The Algerian Socialist Labour Party is founded by French Socialists in Algeria.
- The British finish their suppression of the Benin Empire. They had invaded the Africa state in response to an earlier British defeat in 1896. The state is annexed into the British colony of Nigeria.
- The French expel the Royal family of Madagascar to Reunion and abolish the monarchy.
- After months of searching, generals of Menelik II of Ethiopia capture Gaki Sherocho, the last king of Kaffa, bringing an end to that ancient kingdom.
- The Slaver, Rabih az-Zubayr, maintains his hold over the Empire of Bornu despite French claims to the area. He threatens a march on Kano that was called off. European colonial officials are fearful of the results if he starts to modernize his army.
- French forces leave Brazzaville on a Belgiam steamer heading upstream on the Ubgani river. Their destination at this time is unknown.
- A rebellion breaks out in the Belgian Congo. Soldiers from the Tetela tribe mutiny after several of their chiefs are executed on accounts of cannibalism.
- British forces under Lord Kitchner begin their reconquest of Sudan. The modern British army seeks to reestablish Egyptian (and therefore British) control over Sudan. Opposing him are the Mahdist forces which seek an independent Sudan.
- -The Dervish State under Mohammed Abdullah Hassan continues to annoy both Ethiopian and British interests in the region, leading many to believe Emperor Menelik II intends to strike soon.
- The fallout from the Jameson Raid continues. The two Boer Republics are drawn closer together and begin the process of modernizing their armies. The British officials are fearful that the German Empire might come to recognize the two republics.
- The first labor strike in Africa occurs in Lagos. The strike is ended peacefully.
- The Second Matabele War: An uprising by the Ndebele and Shona people in Rhodesia is put down by British troops.
- The Anglo-Ethiopian Treaty is signed. This treaty defines the borders between Ethiopia and British Somaliland and strengthens economic ties between the two countries.

Asia

- Internal schism threaten to split the Katipunan movement in the Philiphines. The movement is already under pressure after losing the Battle of Kakarong de Sili.
- The Pact of Biak-na-Bato, is signed on December 14, 1897. It creates a truce between Spanish colonial Governor-General Fernando Primo de Rivera and the revolutionary leader Emilio Aguinaldo to end the Philippine Revolution. Aguinaldo and his fellow revolutionaries are given amnesty and monetary indemnity by the Spanish Government, in return for which the revolutionary government would go into exile in Hong Kong. Holdouts continue, however.
- The British forces at Malakand are rescued after the British defeat the besieging Pashtun army. The British are able to suppress the Pashtun uprising.
- The Tochi expedition by the British puts down a rebellion in the Tochi Valley.
- The Afridis who for years had worked for the British to safeguard the Khyber pass rise up in rebellion. Before the British can respond they first have to put down other uprisings across British India. A large British force eventually moves against the Afridis who respond with guerrilla warfare. The British retake forts seized by the Afridis who negotiate a peace settlement.
- On 1 November 1897, a band of armed men stormed the residence of a German missionary from the Society of the Divine Word and killed two priests. When Kaiser Wilhelm II receives news of these murders, he dispatched the German East Asia Squadron to occupy Jiaozhou Bay on the southern coast of the Shandong peninsula. Many Chinese Nationalists fear a new round of concessions will be occurring.
- In December 1897 Russian warships anchor at Lushun (Port Arthur) and Darien (Talienwan) under the pretext of protecting China against the Germans.
- India experiences a widespread famine. It is reported that as many as 1 million people may have died.
- The Korean Empire is proclaimed after the Josean dynasty exists the Imperial Chinese tributary system. The country falls under Russian influence.

Europe

- The Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria is celebrated in the United Kingdom. This event also celebrates the fact she is the longest reigning monarch in Europe.
- Greece and Turkey sign a peace treaty to end the Greco-Turkish War. While Turkey won the war militarily the peace treaty leads to the creation of an autonomous Cretan State under Ottoman suzerainty.
- Dracula is published by Bram Stoker. Spooky.
- The First Zionist Congress is held in Basel, Switzerland. They adopted a resolution that includes "Zionism aims at establishing for the Jewish people a publicly and legally assured home in Palestine" and to support "the promotion of the settlement of Jewish agriculturists, artisans, and tradesmen in Palestine".
- S. A. Andrée's Arctic Balloon Expedition fails to reach the North Pole, despite great Swedish fanfare.
- Guglielmo Marconi sends the first ever wireless communication over open sea when the message "Are you ready" is transmitted across the Bristol Channel from Lavernock Point in South Wales to Flat Holm Island, a distance of 6 kilometers.
- The General Jewish Labour Bund in Russia and Poland is founded. It seeks to unite all Jewish workers in the Russian Empire into a united socialist party and to ally itself with the wider Russian Social Democratic movement.
- The Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Brotherhood is founded. This is another group which seeks liberation for the area of Macedonia from Ottoman rule.
- A small massacre of Muslims is carried out by Christians in Crete.
- The Independent Socialist Party is founded in Hungary. It was created after a dispute with the Hungarian Social Democratic Party over agrarian issues. The new party seeks land reform.
- The National Democratic Party of Poland is founded. It advocates nonviolent methods to liberate Poland.

Middle East

- Kurds and Armenians battle in the Ottoman Empire. The Armenian Fedayees launch an attack against the Kurdish Mazrik tribe in response to an earlier ambush. The Armenians wipe out all the males of the Kurdish tribe.
- The Ottomans name Mubarak Al-Sabah as kaymakam of Kuwait. There are plenty of rumors that Mubarak killed his half-brothers to assume the position. Fearing outside intervention if the situation gets out of hand, the Ottomans decide to grant him the position, despite his lack of legitimacy.
- The British send an ambassador and a ship to Kuwait.

The Americas

- The President of Uruguay is assassinated by a supporter of a rival political faction. Stability drops in the Latin American nation.
- The President of Mexico is almost assassinated but the effort fails. The assassin is lynched by the crowd.
- The Luders Affairs occurs in Germany. A Hatian man of German descent is imprisoned for assaulting a police officer. The German Charge d'Affairs demands his release, which is granted. Germany sends warships into Haiti to demand compensation for their ceased national and an apology. The Haitian government surrenders. This undermines the stability of the government.
- Brazil crushes a religious movement in Bahai. This religious movement had established a village that had scared local officials.
- Small labor protests and strike breaking takes place across the USA.
- A peace treaty is signed between the Mexican government and the Yaqui people, ending the tribal uprising.
- Native unrest in Peru continues, despite the best efforts of the military. Following the War of the Pacific, Peru has been in a continuous state of disorder, marked by frequent native occupations and burnings of haciendas owned by the upper classes.
- Tension is mounting over the state of Acre in Bolivia. Brazil covets the rubber produced in that region.
- Brazil, Argentina, and Chile continue their naval arms race. Many outsiders worry that this race will either bankrupt these states or lead to war.

____


Nation Stats

-United States of America-
President: William McKinley (Smyg)
Government: Federal Republic
Popularity: High
Military Units: 80/80 (50 reserves called up), -70;
Naval Units: 15/15, -75;
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1; Specific: None
Defenses: Western frontier forts, Endicott coastal defenses
Economy: +205 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: 200 [+20 United Fruit Company, +30 Brazilian rubber, +25 New York Stock Exchange, +50 international trade, +40 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Small pockets of American Indian resistance, Illinois Coal Wars
=
American Indians
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance of white rule
Units: 0

-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-
Queen: Victoria
Prime Minister: Lord Salisbury (Serenissima)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 5/50 (No reserves), -50; 10 in India (free), 10 in Egypt (free) 25 in Sudan (-25),
Naval Units: 59/60 (-300), 1 in Egypt (-1)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 5 Art 4 MG 3 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Egyptian garrison forts, Indian garrison forts, South African blockhouses, Portsmouth fortifications
Economy: +170 credits
Colonial Income: 60 (+200 trade, -140 upkeep)
Deficit: 1000
Credit Income: +129[+20 Suez Canal, +20 Indian textiles, +20 Afghan opium, +10 South African diamonds, +10 Chinese opium, +10 Canadian timber, +20 Gold Coast metals, +25 London Stock Exchange, +80 international trade, +60 allied trade, -50 deficit]
Conflicts: Colonial Tension with France, Tension with Transvaal Republic and the Orange Free State, West African Tension, Indian tribalism, Reconquest of Sudan
=
Birsa Munda
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism, millennialism
Units: 0
=
Mahdist Movement
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islamic millennialism, Sudanese Independence
Units: 50
=
Dervish State
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islam, Somalian Independence
Units: 35

-French Republic-
President: Emile Loubet (Gesar)
Government: Democratic Republic
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 68/80 (70 reserves), -70, 10 in West Africa (Free), 2 Units on Secret Expidition -2
Naval Units: 28/28, -140
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 4 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Mougin turrets, Verdun forts
Economy: +150 credits
Colonial Income: 50 (130 trade, -80 upkeep)
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +53 [+20 French West African gold, +10 Central African ivory, +10 Chinese opium, +40 international trade, +50 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Pacification of African Interior
=
Rabih az-Zubayr
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Secessionism, Islamism
Units: 2

-Qing Empire-
Emperor: Guangzhou Emperor
Empress Dowager: Cixi (Snacks)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units: 160/160 (10 conscripts, 8 reserves), -160;
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1600
Credit Income: +20 [+20 opium bonus going to Britain and France, +10 opium to unstable to export, +20 Manchurian coal to Russia, +10 Russian-controlled railways +10 silk to Germany, +20 Tibetan tribute +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -80 deficit]
Conflicts: Anti-Foreign Sentiment, divided military loyalty
=
Kansu Braves
Sphere: Neutral (Cixi-supported faction)
Ideology: Nationalism, Qing conservatism
Units: 1
=
Shandong Army
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Boxer, anti-Cixi, pro-foreign
Units: 2
=
Rebellious generals
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Cixi
Units: 6 (belonging to Qing army)

-German Empire-
Kaiser: Wilhelm II (Scorpio)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 80/80 (130 reserves), -80
Naval Units: 14/15, -75, 1 fleet in China (-1)
Tech: Inf 5 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 4 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Metz Fort Line
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 10 (50 trade, -40 upkeep)
Deficit: 800
Credit Income: +129 [+10 Chinese silk, +10 South-West African diamonds, +25 German steel, +40 international trade, +30 allied trade, -40 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Austro-Hungarian Empire-
Emperor: Francis Joseph I (tardis218)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 50/50 (80 reserves), -50
Naval Units: 3/3, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Polish forts
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +40 [+40 international trade, +20 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Russian Empire-
Tsar: Nicholas II (Coin)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 90/100 (130 reserves), -60; 10 unit in Manchuria (-10)
Naval Units: 22/23, -115; 1 unit in Port Arthur (free)
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Port Arthur naval base
Economy: +170 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +30 [+20 Iranian textiles, +20 Manchurian coal, +10 Manchurian railway, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -65 deficit]
Conflicts: Restless peasants, workers, and soldiers

-Ottoman Empire-
Sultan: Abdul Hamid II (TRC)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 50/60 (40 reserves) -60, 1 unit in Tripoli -10
Naval Units: 3/3, -30
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0 (10 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 1400
Credit Income: +10 [+30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -70 deficit]
Conflicts: Growing support for constitutional reforms

-Kingdom of Italy-
King: Umberto I (Huojin)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 40/40 (20 reserves), -40
Naval Units: 13/13, -65
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 2 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: +20 (30 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +60 [+30 international trade, +25 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Far-left unrest

-Empire of Japan-
Emperor: Mutsuhito (Flamelord)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 60/60 (4 reserves), -60
Naval Units: 6/6, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +80 [+40 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Taiwanese Rebels
=
Taiwanese rebels
Sphere: Neutral (Chinese)
Ideology: Anti-Japanese resistance
Units: 1

-Kingdom of Serbia-
King: Aleksandar I ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 0/0, -0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Kingdom of Belgium -
King: Leopold II ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30, -30
Naval Units: 2/2 (10 reserve) -20
Economy: +65 credits
Colonial Income: 10 (20 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 300
Credit Income: +70 [+20 Congo Free State rubber, +10 Congo Free State ivory, +20 international trade, +20 allied trade, -15 deficit, -10 Congo mercenaries]
Conflicts: Congolese unrest
=
Tetela Tribe
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism
Units: 2

-Kingdom of the Netherlands-
Queen: Wilhelmina
Prime Minister: Nicolaas Pierson ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat high
Military Units: 30/30 (30 reserves), -30; 1 in Dutch East Indies (free)
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 1 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Water Lines, Stelling van Amsterdam (completed ???)
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (30 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +80 [+20 East Indies rubber, +10 East Indies tea, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Kingdom of Greece-
King: George I
Prime Minister: Georgios Theotokis ( Aegis)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tensions with Bulgaria, expansionism

-United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway-
King: Oscar II
Prime Minister of Sweden: Erik Gustaf Boström( Cthulhuvong)
Prime Minister of Norway: Francis Hagerup
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 40/40 (40 reserves) -40
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +90 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Norwegian Nationalism

-South African Republic (Transvaal)-
President: Paul Kruger (Snacks)
Government: Republic
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +40 [+10 gold bonus, +10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tension with British
=
Boer guerrillas (Transvaal)
Sphere: Transvaal
Units: 1
=

Early 1898


http://i.imgur.com/ruARhDZ.png




World Conflicts
Pacification of Africa
Rebellions in the Spanish Empire
Chinese Civil war

World News

Africa
- Lord Kitchner’s army moves against Mahdist forces. In the battle of Atraba, the British forces lose only 1 unit, while the Mahdist forces have three units killed and two taken prisoner.
- Great Britain’s efforts to hold a conference with the Boer Republics seems to wok initially. The Boers welcome the softening of the British stance on issues such as the language question. However the demand that the British parliament will have veto powers over acts of the Volksraad and the Uitlanders will become enfranchised in Transvaal is rejected.
- A British archaeological excavation, carried out in the colonial style in Egypt, discovers the "Narmer Palette" at the Temple of Horus. The carving is thought by some to be the oldest historical document known to man, dating back five thousand years. Another grand find by British archaeologists are is the preserved mummy of Amenhotep II in the Valley of the Kings, together with a mummy cache containing the Pharaohs Thutmose IV, Seti II and Ramesses III, IV and VI. Meanwhile, a German team of archaeologists begin excavations of the Neo-Assyrian city Assar, in Ottoman Syria.
- Kurdistan begins publication in Cairo. Published by Mikdad Midhad Badirhan, a political radical, it is the first Kurdish journal.
- The anti-colonial fighter Samoro Ture deploys scorched earth tactics at the capital of the Kong Empire, destroying it. The Empire, which has pledged allegiance to France, collapses, and its royal family flees north to the Black Volta region. There they establish new would-be kingdoms.
- The Sabi Game Reserve, the continent's first designated game reserved, is opened in the South Africa Republic for the amusement of safari-goers.
- Despite complaints about the costs, the Volksraad approves increasing the manpower of the Staatsartillerie by 100 men in order to form the Corps Vesting Artillerie (Fortress Artillery Corps).

Asia
- After ascenting its independence from China, the Korean Empire takes a pro-Japanese stance. Japan starts to invest in Korea, which leads to economic growth for both countries.
- As the year begins the Katipunan rebels seem to have renewed strength. Internal divisions have been patched over. Furthermore the rebels begin to use modern weapons.
- Across Japan the population adopts an anti-Russian sentiment. Newspapers condemn Russian imperialism in the region and state that Russia is hurting Japanese interests.
- Japan begins an industrialization campaign. This campaign has moderate initial success. Economists expect benefits to occur in the future.
- General elections are held in Japan, with highly divisive results.
- Nihon Bijutsuin (the Japan Art Institute) is formed by artistically radical members of the Tokyo National University of Fine Arts and Music, in opposition to stylistic restrictions at government-sponsored exhibitions.
- Also formed in Japan is the Kenseitō (the Constitutional Party), a merger of the Progressive Party led by Ōkuma Shigenobu and the Liberal Party of Japan led by Itagaki Taisuke, with Ōkuma as party president. The merger creates a new overwhelming majority in the Lower House. The Constitutional Party forces Prime Minister Itō Hirobumi, who has been under fire throughout the year, to resign on June 30th.
- Great Britain begins a massive aid program to India to help with the famine. Great Britain begins to train Indians in agriculture methods. Farming equipment is distributed.

Chinese Civil War
- Court politics and intrigue in China lead to a full scale civil war! Factions concerned with Cixi’s hold on power and the growing influence of various rebellious cults and religious activities decide that they cannot sit idly by while China is humiliated. Li Hongzhang approaches Yuan Shikai to lead a rebellion against the corrupt royal family. Yuan Shikai agrees. From Shandong he issues a revolutionary decree and begins advancing upon Beijing with his “new army”.
- Yuan Shikai’s rebellion drives the conservative faction surrounding the empress and the reformist faction surrounding the emperor together. They select General Ronglu as their champion. General Ronglu takes many loyal soldiers and the Kanusi braves and advances to meet Yuan Shikai’s advancing forces.
- Ronglu’s forces are outnumber and out trained so instead of meeting the “New Army” on the field of battle, they engage in harassing and delaying tactics, hoping that this action will give the Royalists enough time to gather forces in Beijing to defeat the coup attempt.
- On the outskirts of Beijing, Yuan is finally able to outmaneuver Ronglu’s forces and destroy them. He quickly advances into Beijing only to find that the Royal family has fled towards Xian. With Yuan and Li’s efforts to win a quick victory thwarted, Yuan declares himself the ambiguous title of “Guardian of the Chinese State”.
- Pitched battles take place across China during Yuan’s march on Beijing. Reserves are called up and small scale independent rebellions begin. Manchuria, the East China Cost, and Western China all declare their loyalty towards the royal family. The rest of Central China, declare their support of the “usuper” Yuan.
- Anti-foreign rebels spring up in Yuan’s territory due to the collapse of the state authority. These groups quickly engage in combat with the clique’s forces and also begin attacking Christians. Yuan moves quickly to suppress them and drive them out of major cities.
- Amidst this chaos, Yuan begins to modernize his army. Due to the chaos, it will not be completed until early 1901 at the earliest.
- Revolutionary sentiment spreads in China, with thousands of Chinese scholars and Beijing citizens protest in front of the capital control yuan, asking for reform.
(Map will be added later)

- A nationalist uprising occurs in the Russian Empire, in the former Khanate of Kokand. Lightly armed forces - numbering anywhere between 200 and 2000 - under the command of the Sufi sheikh Muhammad Ali Madali (who has declared holy war to re-establish the Khanate, declared himself Khan, and is suspected by some to be an Ottoman agent) attack a Russian outpost at Andijan. The attack, joined by others in Margilan and Ush, is foiled by the 20th Line Battalion. 22 Russian soldiers are killed and 18 injured. Subsequently, eighteen people (among them "Khan" Madali) are hanged, and hundreds of the Kyrgyz rebels deported to Siberia.
- An archaeologist in British India, excavating a stupa at Piprahwa Kot, discovers ashes claimed to be of Gautama Buddha.
- The Mat Salleh Rebellion continues against the British North Borneo Charted Company, although several steps towards peace talks are taken.

Oceania
- The efforts to create the Federation of Australia gain traction with referendums being held in several colonies. The results are positive.
- The so-far largely bloodless "Dog Tax War" takes place in New Zealand, a last act of armed resistance by the Māori people, who briefly clash with colonial forces.
- The Anglo-German Treat of Samoa resolves disputes between Germany and the United Kingdom in Samoa.
- The USA deploys 1 naval unit and 2 army units to Samoa to protect the King from threats.
- The USA declares Hawaii a sister Republic. The Hawaiian-American Compact is signed that will allow Hawaii to maintain its independence, while the USA will have influence over its military and foreign politics. Pearl Harbor is leased ot the USA as a coaling station and naval base for the next 50 years.

Europe
- The British begin making a proposal to improve the situation in Ireland by engaging in dialogue with various parties.The efforts by the British to talk to the various parties in Ireland is a moderate success. Both the Unionist and Homerule members agree to participate in the talks. Suggestions include local rule, improvements in employment and the economy, and the protection of minority rights. Some have also argued for land reform, however. Furthermore some hardline Irish groups still advocate for full independence and some conservatives feel angered that the British Empire is devolving power to the Irish.
- The British hold a colonial conference.It is agreed that a preferential system of trade should be implemented. However attempts at a common imperial trade policy are shot down by several different colonies as they fear the loss of autonomy resulting from such a strategy. Many believe that being able to set their own external tariffs grants benefits that out way the costs given to the empire as a whole. The colonies agree to allow for the recruitment of new divisions from their territory. This will strengthen the UK's military put increase the cost of maintaining the colonies. The colonies approve of the creation of naval facilities across the Empire, providing that the metropole pays for their creation. The recruiting drive is a moderate success, as some unemployed males show willingness to join the navy.
- In Malta, anti-British sentiment seems to wane. Citizens begin to see the Empire as a beneficial arrangement. Great Britain carries out naval exercises in the Central Mediterranean. Many wonder if the actions have to do with the war between Spain and Italy.
- Elections are held for Malta’s extremely limited legislature, granted under the 1887 “Knutsford” Constitution. Notable electees include Fortunato Mizzi, founder of the Partito Anti-Riformista.
- The Treaty of Innsbruck is signed. This treaty is a nonaggression pact between Austria and Italy. Austria gives the areas of Trentino, Austrian Littoral, and Fiume to Italy. Furthermore Austria is told to stop the cultural conversion of Italians in Dalmatia. This deal is considered a major coup for Italy. Many nationalists are fuming in Austria, seeing this as a sign of weakness.
- The USA and Italy sign the Naval Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation.
- Sweden begins a campaign to improve its naval technology. Many Europeans see this action as part of a worrying arms race.
- Sweden begins a series of reforms. First, a privy council is created with three officials from the parliament of Norway and Sweden each. This Privy Council will handle foreign affairs for now. Similarly a military council is established to coordinate practices between the armies of Norway and Sweden. Finally universal male sufferage is established in Sweden, while a modified weighted vote is established in Sweden. Furthermore the secret ballot is initiated. These moves get rid of Norwegian nationalist desires, for now.
- Great Britain raises two units from its colonies, and begins the construction of five ships.
- In Spain, a series of pamphlets are found that question the effectiveness of the current government. There are accusations of corruption and ineffectiveness. Throughout the first months of the year, more pampheltes and fliers are found in major cities that call for the installation of a liberal king, like those of Savoy. On the eve of the declaration of war by the Americans, there is a direct call for Prince Emmanuele of Savoy to take the throne.
- Due to fears that their conventional armies are being outclassed Austria-Hungary begins research on the offensive usage of chemicals and submersive vehicles. The general consensus is that these new technologies will be of use in early 1899.
- A propaganda campaign in Austria-Hungary has little discernible effect on the population. Most people see the advertisements and new patriotic songs as too transparent.
- Austria begins the construction of two ships.
- Germany begins to upgrade its navy. German scientists are busy trying to replicate the successful battleships of other countries. Furthermore Germany has started the creation of four naval units. These units will be completed in late 1898, while Germany will complete is modernization program of its current navy in late 1899.
- Not to be outdone, the German army begins a series of upgrades to. They work on researching improvements for their machine guns and chemical weapons. The better advanced chemical weapons will be developed in early 1900, while the Germany army will be fully equipped with the better machine guns in 1901.
- Germany expands its already formidable mining operations across its empire. While the expansion of minning operations in Africa brings moderate success, it’s the expansion of production in Alsace-Lorraine that brings about a boom in the German economy.
- Finally Germany pays off some of its debt.
- In keeping with the spirit of the times, Russia also begins to upgrade its military. The new minister of war, Aleksey Kuropatkin, leads a modernization program. The Russian plans is the most comprehensive, upgrading its army, artillery, and machine guns. The Russian infantry will be upgraded to a modern force with modern artillery by early 1901, while it will upgrade its machine guns in early 1901.
- Russia sends military advisors to the Balkan states of Serbia, Romania, and Bulgaria.
- Furthermore Russia begins the construction of more railways in the east of their country. This boosts economic performances in that part of the country. This coupled with increases in domestic mining provide an economic boost.
- Russia begins reforming the tax system trying to encourage the middle class to invest in industrial projects.
- Agriculture is reformed in Russia. The Russian government encourages peasants to begin privatizing their holdings or emigrating to Siberia. Furthermore local councils are provided with additional power. These reforms make the peasants happy and provide a boost to the Russian economy.
- Finally, celebrations are held across Russia for the birth of the Tsar’s daughter Tatiana. The dour Russian population eats the free bread, drinks too much vodka and then returns to their dreary lives.
- The leadership of the Russian Social Democratic Labour Party is arrested.
- The Bava-Beccaris massacre occurs in Italy. A group of peaceful protestors is shot by the military. The King of Italy initially awards the commanding general a medal for protecting the palace but soon relents in the face of criticism. He appoints Giovanni Giolitti to the premiership in the hopes that this will buy off left-wing criticism. Many on the left see through this scheme however, and are outraged at the king.
- The government of Italy attempts to implement land reforms. While the government successfully implements a system of share-cropping in the South, attempts to seize lands from absentee landlords fails in parliament. Many nobles are alarmed that the state would try to seize land against them. The popularity of the government falls.
- An attempt to establish a bank to loan to small peasants flounders. Within the first month the bank already become embroiled in a corruption scandal.
- More successfully is an attempt to implement an education program that focuses on the united Italian history. Along with the successful gaining of territory, patriotic Italians have come to love the government, while left wing proletariats and nobles have come to not trust it, for different reasons.
- The government begins an industrialization campaign in the South. This proves to be a boost to the local economy.
- After an agreement with Greece, Italy sends one unit of Carabinieri to Crete. This unit begins to train Cretan Gendarmerie.
- The Ottoman Empire launches a propaganda campaign in Crete. The campaign talks about how great the Empire is. Having actually won a war for once, the population pays a bit of attention.
- Brand, a newspaper connected to the Young Socialist movement (part of the Swedish Social Democratic Party) is founded. It has strong anarchist leanings.
- The Dreyfus scandal erupts once more when in response to a military court’s acquittal of a major deemed the real culprit of the espionage in question, famous writer Emile Zola pens an open letter accusing the court of a cover-up and of framing Captain Dreyfus. A literary leader, Zola’s writings energise the French press. Charged with libel, Zola himself is fined and imprisoned.
- International opinion of the French state continues its decline, the collusion of the political and military worlds in the imprisonment of an innocent man exposing France as an unjust state. With society split entirely in two, pressure to reopen the case continues to mount.
- The Affair also dominates the French legislative elections, with a number of professed dreyfusards losing their seats, and anti-Semites being elected in some numbers. Though retaining the largest number of seats, the Moderate Republicans lose their majority, and the Radicals under Henri Brisson form the new government.
- Insufficient wheat harvests in Italy last year see a spike in prices this year. As the Italian government struggles to contain the prices, left-wing demonstrations break out across Italy demanding “bread and work”. These erupt into riots in Lombardy, which are brutally suppressed by the army under General Bava-Beccaris, leaving anywhere between 80 to 400 dead, and 400-2,000 wounded.
- In the aftermath of the riots, Filippo Turati, one of the founders of the Socialist Party, is arrested for inspiring the riots, despite claims he was trying to calm them down.
- The Venstre Reform Party dominates the Danish folketing elections, gaining 10 seats. Elections for the Landsting are set to be held later in September.
- Elections in Germany result in a peculiarity, with the Social Democratic Party winning a plurality of votes, yet the Centre Party remaining the largest in the Reichstag. No party gains a majority.
- Spanish elections return a huge swing in favour of the Liberal Party from the Conservative Party, amounting to some 174 seats. Another triumph for turnismo!
- A new law is passed in Belgium, enforcing formal equality of Dutch and French as languages within Belgium.
- The Rozhen National Folklore Fair is established in Bulgaria. Sited on the border between Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire, it becomes a focal point for Bulgarians on both sides of the border to celebrate their shared culture.
- A pay dispute between colliers and mine owners in south Wales and Monmouthshire fails to resolve itself, leading to a full blown strike and lockout.

Italian-Spanish War
- Italy shocks the world by declaring war on Spain a week after the USA had done so. The April 4th declaration is the subject of much talk across Europe.
- Italy moves with 3 naval units and 15 army units to secure the Balearic Islands.
- Italy has five units occupy the Island, while the remaining ten units sail towards Cartagena, Spain. The units quickly take control of the town. Prince Emmanuele Filiberto is at their head. In the town he declares his plan to restore the liberal constitution of 1869 and issue a call for supporters to join in on his march towards Madrid. 12 units worth of rebels join the 10 units of Italians. The rebels begin a march upon Madrid.
- The delay has given the Spanish monarchy time to reinforce its position. Alongside the 10 units defending mainland Spain, five units of volunteers come to the aid of the Spanish crown. These troops are well motivated, as they fight against foreign invaders in their home.
- The Italian forces begin a march towards Madrid, which is slowed by guerrilla attacks.
- Battle of Albacete - At the outskirts of Albacete, the Spanish forces come into contact with the Italian forces. Eight units of the Spanish forces are dug in and initially defeat the first Italian assault, taking 2 units worth of casualties but inflicting 3. However during the second day of fighting the Spanish forces are defeated and surrender.
- Siege of Madrid -. 2 Spanish military units supported by volunteers are besieged by 12 units of rebels. The Spanish units are well fortified.
- The Italian forces are rushing to join the volunteers.
- The Italian invasion has caused chaos across Spain as the state system collapsed. Critics say that the Italians invaded with insufficient troops to win a quickly victory and thus they are to blame for the poor state of affairs in Spain.
- In the Basque territories and Catalonia, the Carlist forces reemerge. Fighting for the restoration of the conservative government and local rights, 15 units worth of rebels emerge. From exile in Austria, Carlos VII is proclaimed king.
- In Barcelona, a political revolution takes place. Workers and political activist unite and form militias which quickly drive out what remains of the state apparatus. They declare the commune of Barcelona.
- Finally in Leon, a group of liberal activists declare the second Spanish Republic. Since many of the liberal activist have fled to the Italian side, few heed their call.

The Arctic and Antarctica
- The treaty of Stockholm resolves the important issue of sovereignty in Svalbard. Germany and Austria-Hungary get economic rights in the area but the territory remains under Swedish control. Austria and Germany hope to use the base for polar exploration.
- Austria-Hungary sends a mining expedition to Torell Land. The expedition struggles to maintain itself in this harsh and desolate environment. Many criticize the government for engaging in this action just for show, when plenty of other economic avenues remain unexplored.
- Austria-Hungary begins a rush for territory. The Austrians send out ships to claim the South Orkney Islands, Prince Edward Islands, Heard Island, McDonald Islands, Gough Island, and Bouvet Island. They annex this territory. Controversy emerges as the last Island has already been claimed by the United Kingdom.
- Austria Hungary also annexes Jan Mayen, and bases the Ministry of Polar Exploration on this Island. Many hope these quests will bring scientific knowledge and glory to the Austrian Empire.
- The Russians also launch several polar expeditions. They explore Franz Josef Island, Svalbard, and the North-East Passage. On Franz Josef Land, a base is established.
- The Belgian Antarctic Expedition led by Adrien de Gerlache on the Belgica discovers the Belgica Strait and the Lemaire Channel off the west coast of Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula. The expedition then becomes the first to winter in Antarctica.
- Greenland is purchased by the United States from Denmark for 125 credits. The USA provides numerous economic benefits for Denmark in exchange for the deal.

Middle East
- Some Armenians begin crossing the Russian border to help their coethnics.
- After the Nestorian Bishop Mar Yonan converts to Orthodoxy in St. Petersburg, the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Urmia is founded, to aid him in converting his flock of ethnic Assyrians on the border of Persian Azerbaijan.
- The Ottoman Empire begins to require all Armenians to register with local government officials. In the countryside this falls flat, but in towns and villages many Armenians are registered.
- The Ottoman Empire recruits two army units and begins building two ships that will be completed in late 1899.
- The Ottoman Empire tries a domestic propaganda campaign. It fails.
- Great Britain engages in diplomatic contact with various states surrounding the Ottoman Empire.
- A small number of Jewish settlers from Galicia form a kibbutz know as Mahanayim, in northern Palestine, on land bought in 1892.

The Americas
- The United States begins construction of the Nicaragua Canal. This project seeks to unite the East and West. Experts believe this project will take five years to complete.
- President McKinley gets congress to pass legislation that makes participationg in racially motivated lynchings a federal crime. Many Southern governors protest that this infringes upon state’s rights.
- The USA begins to modernize its naval forces to rival those of the British Empire in terms of technology. This process will take three years. The USA also begins to modernize its submersive vehicles. This will be completed in two years.
- The United States sends military aid to Venezuela. This aid props up the government against external threats.
- Aid is also dispatched to the Republic of El Salvador.
- Sinking of the Maine. The USS Maine explodes in the port of Havana. Journalists quickly blame Spain for the attack. President McKinely claims that a foreign power might be behind the attack and prepares the armed services. On March 28th, a report from the US navy emerges and blames Spain for the incident. The USA declares war.

Spanish-American War
- With the declaration of war, the Americans move swiftly and decisively. The Americans make contact with the rebels in both Cuba and the Philiphines. Both groups welcome American support.
- The Americans first move onto attack Cuba establishing a naval blockade with 3 units. In one of the few Spanish successes in the War, the Spanish Caribbean fleet manages to sink one US ship before being sunk itself. Thirty well trained and highly motivated US soldiers with rebels support face off against 30 poorly equipped and exhausted Spanish troops. The term “curb-stomp” widely comes into usage as the Americans only lose 3 unit while the Spanish suffer 20 units worth of casualties and desertions. The remaining ten units on the Island surrender to the Americans.
- Puerto Rico is seized by the Americans with minimal casualties, as it Guam.
- In the Philippines, the USA quickly defeats the Spanish navy. Working with the revitalized rebels, the Americans quickly surround and besiege Manila. Hearing of the fate of Spanish forces in Cuba, the 20 units of Spain surrender to the Americans.
- Finally the Americans land forces on the Canary Islands. The USA finds these Islands unprotected as the Spanish defenders had fled to the mainland.

____


Nation Stats

-United States of America-
President: William McKinley (Smyg)
Government: Federal Republic
Popularity: High
Military Units: 21/80 (47 reserves called up), -70; 2 units in Samoa (-2), 27 units in Cuba (-27), 5 units in Puerto Rico (-5), 20 units in the Philiphines (-20), 5 units in the Canary Islands (-5)
Naval Units: 11/14, -75; 1 fleet in Samoa (-1), 2 fleet in Cuba (-2), 1 fleet in Puerto Rico (-1), 3 fleet in the Philippines (-3),
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 (5 in early 1901) Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 (2 in early 1900) Chem 1; Specific: None
Defenses: Western frontier forts, Endicott coastal defenses
Economy: +205 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: 134 [+20 United Fruit Company, +30 Brazilian rubber, +25 New York Stock Exchange, +50 international trade, +40 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Small pockets of American Indian resistance, Illinois Coal Wars
=
American Indians
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to white rule
Units: 0

-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-
Queen: Victoria
Prime Minister: Lord Salisbury (Serenissima)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 5/49 (2 reserves), -49; 10 in India (free), 10 in Egypt (free) 24 in Sudan (-24),
Naval Units: 59/60 (-300) ( 5 units complete in late 1898), 1 in Egypt (-1)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 5 Art 4 MG 3 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Egyptian garrison forts, Indian garrison forts, South African blockhouses, Portsmouth fortifications
Economy: +170 credits
Colonial Income: 60 (+200 trade, -140 upkeep)
Deficit: 1000
Credit Income: +145[+20 Suez Canal, +20 Indian textiles, + 15 Indian Agriculture, +20 Afghan opium, +10 South African diamonds, +10 Chinese opium, +10 Canadian timber, +20 Gold Coast metals, +25 London Stock Exchange, +80 international trade, +60 allied trade, -50 deficit]
Conflicts: Colonial Tension with France, Tension with Transvaal Republic and the Orange Free State, West African Tension, Indian tribalism, Reconquest of Sudan
=
Birsa Munda
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism, millennialism
Units: 0
=
Mahdist Movement
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islamic millennialism, Sudanese Independence
Units: 45
=
Dervish State
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islam, Somalian Independence
Units: 35

-French Republic-
President: Emile Loubet (Gesar)
Government: Democratic Republic
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 68/80 (70 reserves), -70, 10 in West Africa (Free), 2 Units on Secret Expidition -2
Naval Units: 28/28, -140
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 4 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Mougin turrets, Verdun forts
Economy: +150 credits
Colonial Income: 50 (130 trade, -80 upkeep)
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +53 [+20 French West African gold, +10 Central African ivory, +10 Chinese opium, +40 international trade, +50 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Pacification of African Interior, Drefus Affair
=
Rabih az-Zubayr
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Secessionism, Islamism
Units: 2

-Qing Empire-
Emperor: Guangzhou Emperor
Empress Dowager: Cixi
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units: 50/50 (20 in Manchuria, 20 in East China, 10 in Western China), -50;
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 2 (early 1901) Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +200 credits ( -100,half rebel controlled)
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1600
Credit Income: +30 [+20 opium bonus going to Britain and France, +10 opium to unstable to export, +20 Manchurian coal to Russia, +10 Russian-controlled railways +10 silk to Germany, +20 Tibetan tribute +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -80 deficit]
Conflicts: Anti-Foreign Sentiment, divided military loyalty
=
Beiyang Clique
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Boxer, anti-Cixi, pro-foreign
Units: 110 (Aegis)
=
Boxer Rebellion
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Foreign, Anti-Beiyang Clique
Units: 15

-German Empire-
Kaiser: Wilhelm II (Scorpion)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 80/80 (130 reserves), -80
Naval Units: 14/15, -75, 1 fleet in China (-1)
Tech: Inf 5 Cav 4 Nvy 3 (4 in late 1900) Art 4 MG 2 ( 3 in early 1901) Sub 1 Chem 1 (2 in early 1900);Specific: None
Defenses: Metz Fort Line
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 15 (50 trade, -40 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +169 [+10 Chinese silk, +15 South-West African diamonds, +45 German steel, +40 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Austro-Hungarian Empire-
Emperor: Francis Joseph I (tardis218)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 50/50 (80 reserves), -50
Naval Units: 3/3, -30 ( 2 finished in late 1898)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 0 (1 in early 1899) Chem 0 (1 in early 1899) ;Specific: None
Defenses: Polish forts
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +40 [+40 international trade, +20 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Nationalist Upset

-Russian Empire-
Tsar: Nicholas II (Coin)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units: 90/100 (130 reserves), -100; 10 unit in Manchuria (-10)
Naval Units: 22/23, -115; 1 unit in Port Arthur (free)
Tech: Inf 3 (4 in early 1901) Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 (4 in early 1901) MG 1 ( 2 in early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Port Arthur naval base
Economy: +180 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +10 [+20 Iranian textiles, +20 Manchurian coal, +20 Manchurian railway, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -65 deficit]
Conflicts: Restless workers, and soldiers

-Sublime Ottoman State-
Sultan: Abdul Hamid II (TRC)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 50/60 (42 reserves) -60, 10 unit in Tripoli -10
Naval Units: 3/3, -30 (2 complete in late 1898)
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0 (10 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 1400
Credit Income: +10 [+30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -70 deficit]
Conflicts: Growing support for constitutional reforms
=
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 5
=
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 1
=
Armenian fedayi
Sphere: Russian
Ideology: Armenian Self-Protection
Units:3

-Kingdom of Italy-
King: Umberto I (Huojin)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 24/37 (20 reserves), -37, 1 unit in Crete (-1), 5 units in Balearic islands (-5), 7 units outside Madrid (-7)
Naval Units: 10/12, -65, 3 fleets in Spain (-3)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 2 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +135 credits
Colonial Income: +20 (30 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +73 [+30 international trade, +25 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Far-left unrest

-Empire of Japan-
Emperor: Mutsuhito (Flamelord)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 60/60 (40 reserves), -60
Naval Units: 6/6, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +125 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +90 [+40 international trade, +35 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Taiwanese Rebels
=
Taiwanese rebels
Sphere: Neutral (Chinese)
Ideology: Anti-Japanese resistance
Units: 1

-Kingdom of Serbia-
King: Aleksandar I ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 0/0, -0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Principality of Bulgaria-
Knyaz Ferdinand I (Gesar)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 2/2, -10
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Border Tension, Coethnics in Ottoman Territory


-Kingdom of Belgium-
King: Leopold II ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30, -30
Naval Units: 2/2 (10 reserve) -20
Economy: +65 credits
Colonial Income: 10 (20 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 300
Credit Income: +70 [+20 Congo Free State rubber, +10 Congo Free State ivory, +20 international trade, +20 allied trade, -15 deficit, -10 Congo mercenaries]
Conflicts: Congolese unrest
=
Tetela Tribe
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism
Units: 2

-Kingdom of the Netherlands-
Queen: Wilhelmina
Prime Minister: Nicolaas Pierson ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat high
Military Units: 30/30 (30 reserves), -30; 1 in Dutch East Indies (free)
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 1 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Water Lines, Stelling van Amsterdam (completed ???)
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (30 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +80 [+20 East Indies rubber, +10 East Indies tea, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Kingdom of Greece-
King: George I
Prime Minister: Georgios Theotokis ( )
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tensions with Bulgaria, expansionism

-United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway-
King: Oscar II
Prime Minister of Sweden: Erik Gustaf Boström( Cthulhuvong)
Prime Minister of Norway: Francis Hagerup
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 40/40 (40 reserves) -40
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 (3 in late 1899) Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +90 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-South African Republic (Transvaal)-
President: Paul Kruger ()
Government: Republic
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +40 [+10 gold bonus, +10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tension with British
=
Boer guerrillas (Transvaal)
Sphere: Transvaal
Units: 1

Late 1898


http://i.imgur.com/a0Z2HLP.png

World Conflicts
Pacification of Africa
Rebellions in the Spanish Empire
Chinese Civil war

World News

Africa
- Germany sends 5 army units and 1 fleet to protect its colony in Cameroon.
- Spain declines a request by Germany to sell Spanish Guinea. Having lost most of its Empire, Spain is loath to give up any more territory.
- Tense negotiations between the British and the Boer Republics continue.
- Battle of Omdurman – British Forces engage Mahdist troops north of Omdurman. With gunboat support complimenting their advanced machine guns and artillery, the British forces demolish the Mahdist forces with minimum casualties. The Mahdist suffer the loss of 30 units and are clearly outmatched by the British.
- Fashoda incident- French forces on an expedition arrive in Fashoda and occupy an abandoned Egyptian fort. Several months later Lord Kitchner arrives with a unit and naval fleet. The French and British agree to jointly occupy the fort for now. Back home in Paris and London, the populace demands that both governments assert their rights to the region.
- Samori Ture is caught by French forces, ending his rebellion in Guinea and neighboring territories.
- Ma al-'Aynayn leads an uprising in Spanish Sahara due to Spanish weakness.
- In the Transvaal Republic a series of arson attacks hit Uitlander lodging. The government does little to investigate these attacks.

Asia
- The world’s attention becomes focused on the Chinese Civil War. Rumors begin spreading about a Russian incursion into Manchuria. Local talk about how Russian forces are reported in the area and how Russian companies are attempting to buy the local railways.
- Japanese Ships begin patrolling the coasts of China. The Japanese leave areas that are fully in royalist or clique control but linger around Shanghai, threatening the boxers with retaliation if they attack foreigners.
- Events grow tense in the Korean peninsula. The upper class has come to believe that Westernization is the root cause of the problems in neighboring China. They begin to oppose any reforms by the Empire and begin to demand that recent social reforms be turned back. Meanwhile the lower class sees this elite conspiracy and begins to grumble. The Emperor is paralyzed and reforms come to a halt. Some fear a civil war will break out in Korea too.
- The nationalist sentiment increases in Japan too. Events in China and Korea inspire many in Japan to demand a stronger military and efforts to drive the Europeans out of the region.
- Russia begins encouraging people to move east. The government begins plowing lands and allowing peasants to buy these newly developed areas.
- A rebellion starts in Outer Mongolia. A local notable declares himself Khan of Mongolia and begins forming an army. Imperial Chinese officials fleeing the area noted that supplies and Russian advisors had begun streaming across the border.
- A much smaller rebellion is declared in Tibet.
- Rumors begin to be spread that Yuan Shikai agreed to sell lands to colonists from Germany, Japan, and Austria. Public opinion begins to drop.
- The Russians invade Manchuria! Russian forces arrive in Manchuria claiming that the boxers in the area attacked their forces. Minor skirmishes break out both with clique and imperial forces in the region, resulting in 1 casualty for all forces involved.
- The Qing dynasty releases a report claiming that the Russians are attempting to buy Manchuria from them. They argue that Yuan Shikai is a tool of Western governments trying to weaken China to sell it off.
- While Imperial forces do nothing in Manchuria, locals organize into self-defense groups to fight Russian invaders.
- French Forces enter Southern China. The French forces avoid engagement with any imperialist forces and target boxers in the area. This results in the destruction of one boxer unit.
- German forces try to secure the treaty port of Tiajin. 2 army units and a naval unit move into the city. Boxer sympathesizers arrive en masse to oppose the Germans. One German unit tries to advance away from the port to secure more of the city proper, but quickly finds itself under attack. While attempting a fighting retreat the German unit is destroyed, taking two boxer units with it. The other German unit remains in the harbor under the protection of the German ships. 3 boxer units remain in the city.
- Shandong Peninsula campaign- 30 units from the Beiyang Clique arrive trying to wipe out boxer units in the area. The Beiyang clique forces root out 1 boxer unit as they spread across the peninsula. Ten German forces arrive on 3 naval units in the Kiautschou bay area. They smash two boxer units that had organized in that area. To clique forces surprise the German units advance out from the Kiautschou bay and begin attacking their forces in several directions. The German forces extend themselves rapidly in an attempt to occupy the peninsula.
- Chinese forces are able to quickly converge on German troops. The German forces are heavily armed and well trained, but they are outnumbered 3 to 1. However, the Germans are supported by naval bombardments. The Germans expel the chinese from the peninsula at the cost of 4 units. However, the Chinese have lost 13 forces themselves.
- The German unit in Kiautschou remains under siege by Clique forces.
- The Beijan Clique moves against South East China with 50 units. They run into 20 imperial units. Outnumbered by more than two to one, the Imperial Chinese units are smashed. Most of their units are destroyed while the remaining few surrender. In the resulting pacification of the area the clique looses 5 units. Further South they run into 20 newly drafted units and are thus forced to cease their advance. Cliques forces begin to besiege Nanjing.
- Massacre of Beijing Boxer and anti-foreign activist begin a night of slaughter in Beijing. The boxers attack churches and missionaries across the city. A high ranking French minister is killed. Clique forces establish order but not before many Westerners argue that China is descending into anarchy. The other legations remain secure for now.
- The Republic of China is declared by the Beiyang Clique. Yuan Shikani is declared the protector of the republic. He immediately begins to declare a series of modernizing reforms. He eliminates sinecures and starts to implement a new educational system. However many of these reforms are subverted by bureaucrats or local officials as the state’s financial system is under severe strain.
- Yuan Shikani’s popularity drops due to stalled reforms and the fact most of the country outside of the army seems him as a usurper that is trying to unlawfully take control of the Empire.
- The United Kingdom sends 2 naval units and 1 army unit to Hong Kong.
Great Ming Rebellion - A Clique General in Southern China declares himself the founder of the Great Ming Heavenly Kingdom. He defects with a force of 20 units and takes control of most of Guangzi and the Western half of Guangdong province.
- Republican Rebellion - Sun Yat-sen launches his own rebellion in Southern China. He seizes Huizhou and begins advancing north. He argues that Yuan Shikani is simply trying to keep power to himself and has no desire for democratic reform.
- The current governor of Yunnan declares himself neutral in the conflict. He begins ruling the area as a de facto-independent warlord.
- In Xinjiang, the current governors take advantage of the chaos and get a level of de-facto independence. They still remain loyal to the Qing monarchy, however.
- Bandits arise across China due to the breakdown of local control in both republican and imperial areas.

Oceania
- The federation of Australia is created. Australia becomes a self-governing member of the commonwealth.

Europe
- American troops withdraw from the Canary Islands.
- As part of the agreed upon peace deal, Italian units begin to depart Spain. They leave behind volunteers who are still trying to put Emmanuele Filiberto on the throne of Spain.
- Soon aid begins pouring into Spain to help the loyalist government. With this new technology and funding the Loyalist forces muster troops around Madrid. They eventually assault the Filiberto forces and smash them, driving them South.
- Spain begins a series of liberalizing reforms such as strengthening the parliament. These efforts, combine with a military assault, crush the democratic rebels in Spain.
- In Eastern Spain, Carlist forces increase their hold by storming Barcelona. Some observers note that the movement is becoming fractured between Basque and Catalonian nationalists, and conservative nationalists. King Carlos is yet to join them, still residing in exile in Italy.
- The Railways in Italy are nationalized and placed under the control of the Ferrovie dello Stato. The centralization of the rail line leads to an efficient expansion of the infrastructure.
- Russia attempts to expand Coal production in Donbass. However the area is already heavily extracted, so Russia sees no gains.
- Russia improves sanitation in Moscow and St. Petersburg. In response Russians begin to smell less. Furthermore landlords are required to link up with public health amenities.
- Russian and French naval forces begin patrolling Spain, ensuring that no outside power interferes.
- Aid given to the Kingdom of Spain allows them to recruit five new units. The government promises to engage in reforms.
- French advisors and technology begin streaming into Russia. With this new technology available Russia will be able to upgrade its military in early 1899.
- To keep pace with German Reforms, France begins researching new technology in Machine guns and submarines.
- French forces are deployed on the border with Spain. Five units take up position, trying to ensure no conflict spreads into their nation. The French forces catch a few basques trying to sneak across the border.
- Germany sends two fleets to patrol the Canary Islands as the American forces leave.
- Germany expands its port facilities. This allows it to have better trade with its colonies.
- The German state begins a join project with Krupp to develop even more advanced artillery. It is predicted that this technology will be ready in late 1901.
- Austria pays off some debt.
- Austria continues with its patriotic campaign. This time the campaign pays dividends as many people begin to feel proud of their homeland.
- The automotive industry picks up in Austria. Austria begins to develop cars for the wealthy across Europe.
- The United Kingdom begins to implement a series of Imperial preferences to improve trade. Furthermore the Imperial Conference is made an annual event.
- The Balfour Plan is implemented in Ireland. Local councils are strengthened and more rights are given to minority groups. The British also pour lots of funding into the area, buying off many with jobs and service in the military.
- The British Mediterranean fleet join in patrols around Spain. The fleet is also used to shadow the actions of the Italian fleet in the area to ensure they behave properly.
- Otto von Bismarck, the legendary German statesmen passes away.
- Riots break out in most major Italian cities. Rightwing protestors are angered by Italian humiliation in Spain, while leftwing protestors are upset that the government engaged in adventurism abroad in the face of economic hardship.
- Due to the threats facing the British Empire across the globe, parliament approves efforts to raise ten more units. Irish, Sikh, and white colonial setters are all recruited into Britain’s army.
- 700 Greeks and 15 Englishmen are slaughtered by the Turks in Heraklion, Greece
- Italian anarchist Luigi Lucheni assassinates Empress Elisabeth of Austria-Hungary in Geneva as an act of propaganda of the deed.

The Arctic and Antarctica
- The Russians send supplies to their base in Franz Josef Land. The imperial Russian geographic society forms a polar committee and plan to sail to the North pole next year.
- The Austrians build a base in Price Goerge Land and Franz Joseph Land.


Middle East
- Zionist scholar, Theodor Herzl meets with German Emperor Wilhelm II in Jerusalem.

The Americas
- In the House of Representatives articles of impeachment are brought before William McKinley for violating the constitutional and risking war with Europe. This is a controversial move as his supporters argue that the impeachment is a witch hunt as no constitutional violation occurred. The impeachment proceeding fails.
- As part of his new isolationist foreign policy William McKinnely begins expanding the USA’s infrastructure, mostly by building west. This leads to economic growth.
- In a controversial move, the USA deploys 15 more units into its new territories. 8 units are sent to the Philiphines and seven units are sent to Cuba. War enthusiasm is starting to subside and many want the troops returned home.
- This wipes out the El Partido Revolucionario Cubano and decreases the strength of the rebels in the Philippines.
- The United States begins to reconstruct infrastructure in both Cuba and the Philippines. This leads to growth in the new USA possessions.
- Battle of Sugar Point: Ojibwe tribesmen defeat U.S. government troops in northern Minnesota. Despites fears of a general uprising
- With the Treaty of Paris, the Spanish-American war comes to an end. Spain hands over Cuba, the Philippines, Guam, and Puerto Rico to the USA.
- Joshua Slocum becomes the first person to circumnavigation of the globe
- The Greater Republic of Central America is rechristened the United States of Central America
- General Tomas Regalado Romero launches a coup in El Salvador and afterwards withdraws his state from the Union. The United States of Central America falls apart.
____

Nation Stats

-United States of America-
President: William McKinnely (Tellos)
Government: Federal Republic
Popularity: medium
Military Units: 11/80 (47 reserves called up), -80; 2 units in Samoa (-2), 34 units in Cuba (-34), 5 units in Puerto Rico (-5), 28 units in the Philiphines (-28),
Naval Units: 11/14, -75; 1 fleet in Samoa (-1), 2 fleet in Cuba (-2), 1 fleet in Puerto Rico (-1), 3 fleet in the Philippines (-3),
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 (5 in early 1901) Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 (2 in early 1900) Chem 1; Specific: None
Defenses: Western frontier forts, Endicott coastal defenses
Economy: +265 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: 174 [+20 United Fruit Company, +30 Brazilian rubber, +25 New York Stock Exchange, +50 international trade, +40 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Small pockets of American Indian resistance, Illinois Coal Wars, Pacification of the Philiphines
=
American Indians
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to white rule
Units: 0
=
Katipunan
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Spanish Nationalism, Independence for the Philiphines
Units: 2


-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-
Queen: Victoria
Prime Minister: Lord Salisbury (Serenissima)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 4/49 (12 reserves), -49; 10 in India (free), 10 in Egypt (free) 23 in Sudan (-23), 1 in Fashoda (-1), 1 unit in Hong Kong (-1)
Naval Units: 54/65 (-325) , 1 in Fashoda (-1), 10 units in Gilbraltar (Free), 2 units in Hong Kong (-2)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 5 Art 4 MG 3 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Egyptian garrison forts, Indian garrison forts, South African blockhouses, Portsmouth fortifications
Economy: +170 credits
Colonial Income: 60 (+210 trade, -140 upkeep)
Deficit: 1000
Credit Income: +127[+20 Suez Canal, +20 Indian textiles, + 15 Indian Agriculture, +20 Afghan opium, +10 South African diamonds, +10 Chinese opium, +10 Canadian timber, +20 Gold Coast metals, +25 London Stock Exchange, +80 international trade, +60 allied trade, -50 deficit]
Conflicts: Colonial Tension with France, Tension with Transvaal Republic and the Orange Free State, West African Tension, Indian tribalism, Reconquest of Sudan
=
Birsa Munda
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism, millennialism
Units: 0
=
Mahdist Movement
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islamic millennialism, Sudanese Independence
Units: 15
=
Dervish State
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islam, Somalian Independence
Units: 35

-French Republic-
President: Emile Loubet (Flamelord)
Government: Democratic Republic
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 68/80 (70 reserves), -70, 10 in West Africa (Free), 2 Units on Secret Expedition -2, 10 Units in Southern China (-10)
Naval Units: 18/28, -140, 10 units patrolling spain (-10_
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 4 MG 2 (3 in late 1901) Sub 1 (2 in late 1901) Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Mougin turrets, Verdun forts
Economy: +150 credits
Colonial Income: 50 (130 trade, -80 upkeep)
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +33 [+20 French West African gold, +10 Central African ivory, +10 Chinese opium, +40 international trade, +50 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Pacification of African Interior, Drefus Affair
=
Rabih az-Zubayr
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Secessionism, Islamism
Units: 2

-Qing Empire-
Emperor: Guangzhou Emperor
Empress Dowager: Cixi
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units: 49/49, (-49);
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1600
Credit Income: +20 [+20 Manchurian coal to Russia, +10 Russian-controlled railways +20 Tibetan tribute, +20 allied trade, -80 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Civil War
=
Mongolian Rebels
Sphere: Russian
Ideology: Nationalism
Units: 8
=
Tibetan Rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Nationalism, Theocracy
Units: 2
=
Yunnan
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Warlord
Units:15
=
Xingjiang
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Warlord
Units: 10

-Republic of China- Beijing-
Guardian of the Chinese State: Yuan Shikai (Aegis)
Government: Dictatorship
Popularity: Abysmal
Military Units: 71/71 (71 units), -70;
Naval Units: 0/0
Tech: Inf 2 (early 1901) Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +110 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 0
Credit Income: 89 [+20 opium bonus going to Britain and France, +10 opium to unstable to export railways +10 silk to Germany, +10 allied traide, ]
Conflicts: Anti-Foreign Sentiment, divided military loyalty
=
Boxer Rebellion
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Foreign, Anti-Beiyang Clique
Units: 9
=
Great Ming Heavenly Kingdom
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Han Nationalism, Constitutional Monarchy
Units: 20
Economy: 20
=
Bandits
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Banditry
Units: 10
=


-Republic of China- Huizhou-
President: Sun Yat-Sen (Gesar)
Government: Fledgling Republic
Popularity: High
Military Units: 10/10 -10;
Naval Units: 0/0
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +30 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 0
Credit Income: +30 [+10 International trade]
Conflicts: Spreading Democracy



-German Empire-
Kaiser: Wilhelm II (Scorpion)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 68/75 (130 reserves), -70, 1 unit in Tianjin (-1), 5 Units in German Cameroon (-5), 6 unit in Kiautschou Bay (-1).
Naval Units: 6/15, -75, 1 fleet in Tianjin (-1), 1 Fleet in Tiajin (-1), 3 Fleets in Kiautschou Bay (-3) 2 Fleets in Canary Islands (-2) , 2 fleet in German Cameroon (-1) (4 units complete in early 1899)
Tech: Inf 5 Cav 4 Nvy 3 (4 in late 1900) Art 4 (5 in late 1901) MG 2 ( 3 in early 1901) Sub 1 Chem 1 (2 in early 1900);Specific: None
Defenses: Metz Fort Line
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (60 trade, -40 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +177 [+10 Chinese silk, +15 South-West African diamonds, +45 German steel, +40 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Civil War

-Austro-Hungarian Empire-
Emperor: Francis Joseph I (tardis218)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: high
Military Units: 50/50 (80 reserves), -50
Naval Units: 5/5, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 0 (1 in early 1899) Chem 0 (1 in early 1899) ;Specific: None
Defenses: Polish forts
Economy: +135 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 950
Credit Income: +58 [+40 international trade, +20 allied trade, -47 deficit]
Conflicts: Nationalist Upset

-Russian Empire-
Tsar: Nicholas II (Coin)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units: 90/99 (130 reserves), -99; 24 unit in Manchuria (-24)
Naval Units: 19/23, -115; 1 unit in Port Arthur (free), 3 units Patrolling Spain (-3)
Tech: Inf 3 (4 in early 1899) Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 (4 in early 1901) MG 1 ( 2 in early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Port Arthur naval base
Economy: +210 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +24 [+20 Iranian textiles, +20 Manchurian coal, +20 Manchurian railway, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -65 deficit]
Conflicts: Restless soldiers. Occupation of Manchuria
=
Manchurian Self-Defense Groups
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Manchurian Nationalism, Anti-Foreign Sentiment
Units: 8

-Sublime Ottoman State-
Sultan: Abdul Hamid II (TRC)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 50/60 (42 reserves) -60, 10 unit in Tripoli -10
Naval Units: 5/5,
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0 (10 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 1400
Credit Income: +15[+30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -70 deficit]
Conflicts: Ethnic Conflict
=
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 5
=
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 1
=
Armenian fedayi
Sphere: Russian
Ideology: Armenian Self-Protection
Units:3

-Kingdom of Italy-
King: Umberto I (Huojin)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 36/37 (20 reserves), -37, 1 unit in Crete (-1),
Naval Units: 13/13, -65, Tech: Inf 4 Cav 2 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 (Early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +160 credits
Colonial Income: +20 (30 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +104 [+30 international trade, +25 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Far-left unrest, Nationalist Protest

-Empire of Japan-
Emperor: Mutsuhito (Cthulhuvong)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very High
Military Units: 60/60 (40 reserves), -60
Naval Units: 6/6, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +125 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +90 [+40 international trade, +35 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Taiwanese Rebels
=
Taiwanese rebels
Sphere: Neutral (Chinese)
Ideology: Anti-Japanese resistance
Units: 1

-Kingdom of Serbia-
King: Aleksandar I ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 0/0, -0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Principality of Bulgaria-
Knyaz Ferdinand I
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 2/2, -10
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Border Tension, Coethnics in Ottoman Territory


-Kingdom of Belgium-
King: Leopold II ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30, -30
Naval Units: 2/2 (10 reserve) -20
Economy: +65 credits
Colonial Income: 10 (20 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 300
Credit Income: +70 [+20 Congo Free State rubber, +10 Congo Free State ivory, +20 international trade, +20 allied trade, -15 deficit, -10 Congo mercenaries]
Conflicts: Congolese unrest
=
Tetela Tribe
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism
Units: 2

-Kingdom of the Netherlands-
Queen: Wilhelmina
Prime Minister: Nicolaas Pierson ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat high
Military Units: 30/30 (30 reserves), -30; 1 in Dutch East Indies (free)
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 1 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Water Lines, Stelling van Amsterdam (completed ???)
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (30 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +80 [+20 East Indies rubber, +10 East Indies tea, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Kingdom of Greece-
King: George I
Prime Minister: Georgios Theotokis ( )
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tensions with Bulgaria, expansionism

-United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway-
King: Oscar II
Prime Minister of Sweden: Erik Gustaf Boström()
Prime Minister of Norway: Francis Hagerup
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 40/40 (40 reserves) -40
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 (3 in late 1899) Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +90 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-South African Republic (Transvaal)-
President: Paul Kruger ()
Government: Republic
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +40 [+10 gold bonus, +10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tension with British
=
Boer guerrillas (Transvaal)
Sphere: Transvaal
Units: 1
[/quote]

Early 1899


http://i.imgur.com/tpM172a.png

World Conflicts
Pacification of Africa
Rebellions in the Spanish Empire
Chinese Civil war
Ottoman-Balkan War
World News

Africa
- Criticism of the Congo Free State - personal project of King Leopold of Belgium - appears in various circles and journals, notably after Blackwood's Magazine in the United Kingdom, serialises "Heart of Darkness" by Joseph Conrad.

-Transvaal British Uitlanders - who suffered arson attacks only last year, and who remain disenfranchised by the Boer government - make a plea to Queen Victoria for aid. Tensions in Southern Africa begin to rise as a result, egged on by the more bellicose among the British.
- The Boer Republic arrests several individuals for arson against Uitlanders. The instigators of this attack are given light sentences.
- The Boer Republics ends the monopoly on dynamite given to the Nobel Company. In return the company is given a major break on taxes.
- The Fashoda crisis is peacefully resolved as the French and British demarcate their borders.
- In a show of good will, a British military unit helps the French hunt down the notorious slaver Rabih az-Zubayr.
- The British, with one unit of French Support, destroy six units of the Mahdist movement. It is clear that the days of the once notorious religious organization are over.
- French Advisors arrive in Morocco and take up ministerial positions. French influences begin to hold sway in the Kingdom.
- Germany expands their Rubber plantations in Cameroon.
- Spanish control in North Africa is weakened as the rebels control most of the province.
Asia
- The Northern Chinese Republic recruits 3 units.
- The Northern Chinese republic extends diplomatic recognition towards Xingjiang and Yunnan. Xingjiang scoffs at this gesture and reaffirms its loyalty towards the Qing monarchy. Yunnan, however, welcomes the move and declares its independence as the Republic of Yunnan. Furthermore the Northern Chinese Beiyang factions withdraws all presence from the Shandong peninsula.
- The Qing monarchy threatens to take the war to the Imperialist powers. British agents capture several Chinese spies who had been attempting to cross into India.
- Elections are held in the Northern Chinese Republic. The elections are carried out in difficult circumstances as bandits, foreign intervention, and changing borders challenge any democratic process or attempts to organize parties. Yuan Shikai wins the presidency and thus is granted some legitimacy.
- Germany Sends 3 Naval units to blockade Southern China. German forces have a standoff with several Japanese ships carrying supplies to Sun Yat-sen’s Southern Chinese forces. Faced with superior German firepower, the Japanese ships turn back. Many fear the civil war in China is about to become a proxy conflict.
- Germany deploys five more units to Tianjin to solidify their hold on the Peninsula. They furthermore deploy 4 additional units to the Shangdong Peninsula. The Northern Chinese forces withdraw all troops and governments from the Shangdong.
- The German fleet in the Canary Islands moves to Tianjin.
- As China descends into Chaos, the number of Bandits increase across the once great empire.
- The Russian Tzar begins a tour of the Imperial Army garrisons across the Empire. Starting in Savastopol he begins heading West. Soldiers cheer to see the Great Tzar.
- The Mongolian rebellion expands as more warriors join the rebellion. The rebels have driven out the hardpressed Qing forces from their territory. They establish an independent Mongolian khanate.
- Russia expands the railway line in Central Asia, increasing the flow of goods in the region.
- Great Britain Sets up a Royal Commission to investigate the situation in India.
- In Korea, protests by the lower classes grow worse and in some cases violence breaks out. The lower classes are demanding land reforms and equality for all classes. Several landlords’ at large estates are murdered.
- Seeing a ripe opportunity, the Donghak movement reemerges and begins operating in the countryside.
- Japanese attempts to get Korea to adopt a constitutional government are declined. The Emperor of Korea has become more dependent upon his conservative elite who have grown to fear any sort of Westernization.
- Japan makes a blockade of the Yang Zi River delta, attacking any naval units that are not part of the Southern Chinese Republic.
- Japanese soldiers burn several villages suspected of harboring Taiwan. These efforts have cut the supply base of the Taiwanese rebels causing many to leave the movement.
- The Tibetan rebels grow in size and have begun to push Qing forces out of their territory.
- In a move that spans three continents, the Royal Navy’s fleet based in Gilbraltar picks up part of Kitchener’s army in Sudan and transports it to China. This is not without severe grumbling amongst some of the Sudanese elements in the army as they had not expected to be transported across the sea. One unit is sent to Hong Kong, 3 units are sent to Peking, and 7 units are deployed in Shanghai
- Great Britain begins constructing a series of defensive forts around Hong Kong.
- France deploys five naval units to the Chinese Coast
- French efforts in Southern China defeat two boxer units and have done a fairly good job of pacifying the South. French troops enter Yunan and are not opposed.
- French efforts to expand rubber production pay in French Indochina pay dividends as Vietnam becomes the number one producer of rubber in the world.
- Russia deploys 16 more units into Manchuria. With this deployment tensions are at an all-time high. After a skirmish between Russian and Qing units, the Russian’s demand the Qing withdrawal. Outnumbered and outgunned, but cutoff from the rest of Qing forces, the Qing forces surrender to the Russian army. Some members of the army desert however, to join the local Manchu resistance groups.
- Russia begins the process of bribing local officials to keep them happy with the Russian conquest of Manchuria.
- As Russia celebrates its new conquest, the Tzar arrives in Manchuria. Russian successful action provides a huge popularity boost across the Empire.
- Sun Yat-sen declares the creation of the Tongmenghi or the Chinese United League. Throught negotiations this movement merges with the Great Heavenly Ming to form a truly revolutionary society. This organization seeks to promote the Three Principles of the People (nationalism, democracy, and people’s livelihood). Dr. Sun is declared President, and Tse Tsan-tai is declared Vice President. The Capital is moved to Guangzhou.
- The Southern Chinese Republic begins to implemented limited land reform and a land value tax.
- The Southern Chinese Republic recruits 15 units and mobilize five of them.
- On February 12th, small scale rebellions take place in Hunan, Henan, and Hubei. Supporters of Sun Yat-Sen take up arms against the Qing and Beiyang. However the number of rebels is far smaller than its organizers expected. Furthermore without support from the Southern Chinese forces, this rebellion is crushed.
- Moving out of the Nanling mountains, 10 units of the Southern Chinese Republic begin launching guerrilla attacks against both Qing and Beiyang forces in Yangtze and Nanjing region. The exhausted Qing forces suffer 5 casualties, while Beiyang’s forces do little better, suffering 4. The Southern Chinese forces don’t remain untouched however as several of their ambushes turn into fire fights. They lose 3 units.
- Another 20 Southern Chinese begin advancing into Qing territory. They inflict 3 casulties upon the Qing. They take advantage of chaos in Northern China to quickly advance. They are able to push up north and are on the edge of approaching Nanjing.
- The Southern Chinese efforts provoke an all out assault by their Northern brethren. A huge force of 60 Northern Chinese units come crashing down upon the 30 Southern Chinese units. The Southern Chinese forces are prepared for situation and begin moving South. In various clashes, the Southern Chinese forces lose 13 units while the Northern Chinese forces lose six. The Majority of Southern Chinese escape as they use scorched earth tactics. The Southern Chinese forces move into the Nanling and Jiuyu mountains.
- Austrian claims that Ming forces had attacked its troops while they were going to Shanghai. In response Austria deploys ten units in Luisha Harbor, which is on the peninsula North of Hainan. This force kills 2 Southern Chinese units but halts.
- Japanese ambassadors arrive in Beiijing to meet with President Yuan Shikai. During the meeting several of the translators working with Japan begin moving closer towards the President. As Yuan Shikai’s bodyguards shout at them to move away several of them sprint towards Yuan. While the bodyguards are able to stop several of the Gelaohui one of them sets up Yuan Shikai with a hatchet and slits his throat, killing him. In the resulting chaos all the Gelaohui and the Japanese ambassadors are executed by the Chinese.
- Li Hongzhang, who remains in the Capital, and who was Vice President is declared the new President. However his ascension to the throne is contested by several factions.
- Ma Haiyan, who was commanding part of the massive Chinese force, declares himself loyal to the Northern Chinese Republic but not loyal to the unelected Li Hongzhang. He leads his forces to advance against the Weakened Qing, and forties the city of Chendu.
-Dong Fuxiang, commanding another part of the massive Qing force begins to assert more independence. While still nominally loyal to Li Hongzhang, there are many that say he is battling for more influence in the Northern Chinese Republic behind the scene. Many call his new force the Anhui clique.
- Great Britain’s navy easily seizes the undermaned Dagu forces with minimal casualties.
- With the three way civil war and the rise of bandits and boxers, many are concerned for the humanitarian situation in China. Great Britian leads a huge international force to secure the city of Shanghai. Three French units, 10 Japanese Units, 5 German Units, 5 Austrian unis, 7 British units, and 2 American units all take part in securing the city. The allies expand the International settlement to cover all of Shanghai. The area is now called the Shanghai International City. The French section of the city, remains independent. With such a strong force in the area, Qing and Chinese Republic forces avoid the city.
- Another allied forces intervenes in China. This time, five French units, 10 Japanese units, 5 Russian units supported by five ships, and 3 British units arrive in Tianjin. They help the German forces surpress any boxers in the area. They then begin to use the Railroad system to move towards Peiking.
- Allied forces find themselves opposed by Republican Chinese forces, militia, and boxers who have been running amock killing Christian and beisieging the legates. The Japanese legation has already been stormed and the Japanese killed.
- The allied forces quickly storm into the city and begin relieving the seige of the legates. The allied force occupy the city of Peiking and begin evacuating the civillians. The government of the Northern Republican state flees to Xian.
- In a shocking move Russian forces carry out extensive looting of Pieking.
- Due to combine actions of the Europeans, Boxer no longer pose a credible threat in China.
- Filipino leader Emilio Aguinaldo demands US forces leave the Philippines immediately, claiming the US has no right to the archipelago. After an exchange of gunfire, fighting breaks out between American troops and Filipinos near Manila, sparking the Philippine-American War.

- On the mountainous border between British India and Afghanistan, British Captain George Roos-Keppel makes a daring and sudden attack on a band of Chamkanni tribesmen. The Pashtuns had been raiding cattle in the lower valleys, notably the Kurram Valley. Captain Roos-Keppel captures 100 prisoners with 3,000 head of cattle.
- - The Krasnoyarsk Railway Bridge is completed in Siberia. Spanning 907 metres across the Yenisei River, the bridge has been under construction for four years, and adds to the ever-expanding Trans-Siberian Railway.
Oceania
- Bathurst Bay in Queensland is devastated by Cyclone Mahina. Over 400 people are killed by a huge wave, twelve metres high - the deadliest natural disaster in the colony's history. The waters reach as far as 5km inland.
Europe
- - The Agrarian Union is organised in Bulgaria as a professional organization open only to peasants. The union wins widespread peasant support by mobilising peasants throughout Bulgaria to peaceful demonstrations against the government’s taxation policies.
- The first international radio transmission between England and France is achieved by the Italian inventor Guglielmo Marconi. Following tests in Ireland last year, he successfuly transmits between Wimereux, France and South Foreland Lighthouse on the other side of the English Channel.

-Jules Vandenpeereboom forms the new government of Belgium. Previously a minister of war and of assorted infrastructure posts, the Belgian Catholic Party politician takes his place as Belgium's 17th Prime Minister.

-The Society for the Unity of the Albanian Language is founded in Shkodra.
- Félix François Faure, President of France, dies shortly after a stroke in the Elysee Palace. Scandalous rumours subsequently emerge that the President died whilst engaging in sexual activities with a mistress. The gossip circles of Paris alternately name Marguerite Steinheil or Cécile Sorel as the woman present.
- Massive protests break out in Italy. Right wing protestors demand that the Kingdom leave the Triple Alliance, arguing that Austria and Germany have done nothing to support Italy while the Great powers have humiliated Italy by patrolling off its costs.
- Likewise strikes are launched by left-wing groups, demanding government reforms and accountability for the massacre in Milan.
- Germany begins a massive naval expansion. The German navy plans to produce eight new vessels. Many fear that a naval arms race is kicking off between Germany and Great Britain. Additionally Germany recruits five units for its army.
- Austria pays off 200 credits of debt.
- Russia begins to reform the bureaucracy by strengthening zemstvo councils.
- French companies begin opening factories in Russia to take advantage of Cheap Russian labor. French trade grows, as does the Russian economy
- Great Powers ambassadors tried to meet with the Sultan to discuss the deteriorating situation in Crete. The Sultan refuses to meet with the Ambassadors, leading to France, Great Britain, and Russia to all demand the Ottomans withdraw from Crete.
- Great Britain shifts the focus of its Mediterranean fleet. Five units patrol the coasts of Spain, while ten more units patrol Crete waiting for the Ottoman withdrawal that never comes.
- Third Greco-Turkish War In a surprising move 40 Ottoman Units storm into Northern Greece. The Ottomans quickly overrun the and smash or capture five Greek units defending Thessaly.
- As Ottoman forces move south, the outnumbered Greek forces engage in Guerrilla warfare. These attacks cause 5 casualties among the Ottomans but also cause an equal number of Greek Casualties. Epirus is also overrun.
- The Greece call up their reserves and mount a heroic defense of Athens. The Greeks are able to use their advantage in artillery. However the Ottomans are able to overrun the city, with the Greeks losing ten units and the Ottomans losing 11 units.
- The remaining ten Greek Units are dug in defending the entrance to the Peloponnese peninsula. The Ottoman forces are consolidating their control and waiting to advance on the Greek forces.
- Assassination of Royal Family of Bulgaria! - Knyaz Ferdinand I is killed along with his two sons, Boris III and Kyril, when a bomb explodes on the tracks in front of the Royal Railway Carriage. In the martial law that follows police find large amounts of gunpowder in a room in the National assembly, suggesting a widespread conspiracy. Blame is placed on many different parties ranging from the Turks, to supporters of Stefan Stambolov, to the Austro-Hungarian Empire.
- The truth quickly comes out as a Groundskeeper of the National Assembly confesses to taking bribes from Turkish agent who he assumed were simple spies. The Turkish agents are quickly caught.
- Eudoxia is crowned ruler of Bulgaria. With the head of state being a one year old child some elements in Bulgaria argue that the country should ask the Russian Czar to become the new head of state of the country.
- Bulgaria declares war on the Ottoman empire.
- The Spanish government begins writing a new constitution. British advisors in Madrid help them draft the document.
- The House of Savoy supporters are hounded by Spanish Forces. Spain destroys three Savoy units ending the threat of the supporters of the house of Savory. However, Emmanuele eludes capture.
- Rumors begin to spread that Emmanuele has been seen at parties in Lisbon. The government of Portugal makes no comment on the situation.
- The Spanish Monarchy begins fighting against the Carlist. They make good advances in Basque country, killing four units, while losing two units of their own. The Spanish are able to recruit five new units because of outside aid however, and seem to be stabilizing their control over the Spanish territory.

The Arctic and Antarctica
- - The Belgian Antarctic Expedition, trapped aboard ship in ice in the Bellingshausen Sea all winter, finally free themselves from the pack ice with dynamite and by digging trenches. They begin the long journey back to Belgium, but scurvy and mental instability have taken their toll on some of the crew. Nevertheless, the expedition still managed to collect a significant amount of scientific data - including a full year of meteorological observations.
- Russia launches the Russian Antarctic Expedition. The expedition stops at French kerguelen islands before going into the unexplored Eastern Antarctic.
- Russia prepares an expedition to visit Santa Clause that will leave on L 1899.
- The Austro-Hungarian empire launching an expedition to explore Antartica. The expeditions leaves Pula and arrives in Port Stanley in the Falkland Islands. It eventually explores the coast of Antartica.
Middle East
- The Ottomans draft ten units and call up 20 units of reserves. While this causes some discontent among minority groups, the Turkish population is happy that they are getting a chance to fight the hated Greeks.

The Americas
- The USA withdraws most of its forces from its new overseas possessions. Many in congress begin to agitate for the new possessions to have formal status as territories. Many Soldiers hope to be decommissioned soon and returned to the reserves.
- The USA deploys two units and one fleet to support the British efforts in Shanghai.
- New Zealand-born British physicist Ernest Rutherford, whilst conducting research in Canada, coins the terms alpha and beta rays to define two types of radiation. He subsequently publishes his findings, while continuing his research in this new scientific field.
- Political Instability Grows in Venezuela and Colombia
____

Nation Stats

-United States of America-
President: William McKinnely (Tellos)
Government: Federal Republic
Popularity: medium
Military Units: 75/80 (47 reserves called up), -80; 1units in Cuba (-1), 1 units in Puerto Rico (-5), 1 units in the Philiphines (-1), 2 units in China (-2)
Naval Units: 9/14, -75; 1 fleet in Samoa (-1), 2 fleet in Cuba (-2), 1 fleet in Puerto Rico (-1), 3 fleet in the Philippines (-3), 2 Fleets in China (-2)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 (5 in early 1901) Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 (2 in early 1900) Chem 1; Specific: None
Defenses: Western frontier forts, Endicott coastal defenses
Economy: +265 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: 237 [+20 United Fruit Company, +30 Brazilian rubber, +25 New York Stock Exchange, +50 international trade, +40 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Small pockets of American Indian resistance, Illinois Coal Wars, Pacification of the Philiphines
=
American Indians
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to white rule
Units: 0
=
Katipunan
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Spanish Nationalism, Independence for the Philiphines
Units: 2

United Mexican States
President: Porfirio Díaz(Huojin)
Government: Republic
popularity: low
Military Units: 40/ 40 units (20 reserves) -40
Navy: 1/1 -5
65, Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Economy: +95 credits
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +75 [ +30 international trade, +20 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Resistive Yaqui
=
Yaqui rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to Mexican rule
Units: 1


-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-
Queen: Victoria
Prime Minister: Lord Salisbury (Serenissima)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 15/51 (12 reserves called up), -49; 10 in India (free), 10 in Egypt (free) 12 in Sudan (-12), 1 in Fashoda (-1), 2 unit in Hong Kong (-2), One unit in French Africa (-1), 3 units in Peiking (-3), 7 Units in Shanghai (-7)
Naval Units: 53/65 (-325) , 1 in Fashoda (-1), 10 units in China (-10), 2 units in Hong Kong (-2), 5 fleets in Spain (-5), 5 fleets in Crete (-5)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 5 Art 4 MG 3 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Egyptian garrison forts, Indian garrison forts, South African blockhouses, Portsmouth fortifications, Hong Kong Fortifications
Economy: +170 credits
Colonial Income: 60 (+210 trade, -140 upkeep)
Deficit: 1000
Credit Income: +99[+20 Suez Canal, +20 Indian textiles, + 15 Indian Agriculture, +20 Afghan opium, +10 South African diamonds, +10 Chinese opium, +10 Canadian timber, +20 Gold Coast metals, +25 London Stock Exchange, +80 international trade, +65 allied trade, -50 deficit]
Conflicts:, Tension with Transvaal Republic and the Orange Free State, West African Tension, Indian tribalism, Reconquest of Sudan
=
Birsa Munda
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism, millennialism
Units: 0
=
Mahdist Movement
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islamic millennialism, Sudanese Independence
Units: 9
=
Dervish State
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islam, Somalian Independence
Units: 35

-French Republic-
President: Emile Loubet (Flamelord)
Government: Democratic Republic
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 50/80 (70 reserves), -70, 10 in West Africa (Free), 2 Units on Secret Expedition -2, 10 Units in Southern China (-10), 3 units in Peiking (-3), 5 units in Shanghai (-5)
Naval Units: 18/28, -140, 10 units patrolling spain (-10)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 4 MG 2 (3 in late 1901) Sub 1 (2 in late 1901) Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Mougin turrets, Verdun forts
Economy: +150 credits
Colonial Income: 50 (130 trade, -80 upkeep)
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +50 [+20 French West African gold, +10 Central African ivory, +10 Chinese opium, +40 international trade, +10 Vietnamese Rubber, +65 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Pacification of African Interior, Drefus Affair
=
Rabih az-Zubayr
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Secessionism, Islamism
Units: 2

-Qing Empire-
Emperor: Guangzhou Emperor
Empress Dowager: Cixi
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units:34/34, (-34);
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1600
Credit Income: +15 [+20 Manchurian coal to Russia, +10 Russian-controlled railways +20 Tibetan tribute, +20 allied trade, -80 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Civil War
=
Tibetan Rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Nationalism, Theocracy
Units: 6
=
Xingjiang
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Warlord
Units: 10

-Republic of China- Beijing-
Guardian of the Chinese State: Li Hongzhang, (Aegis)
Government: Dictatorship
Popularity: low
Military Units: 20/20 (-20) (3 reserves)
Naval Units: 0/0
Tech: Inf 2 (early 1901) Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 0
Credit Income: 82 [+20 opium bonus going to Britain and France, +10 opium to unstable to export railways +10 silk to Germany, +10 allied trade, ]
Conflicts: Anti-Foreign Sentiment, divided military loyalty
=
Ma Clique
Sphere: Republic of China Beiyang
Ideology: Warlordism
Units:20
=
Anhui clique
Sphere: Republic of China Beiyang
Ideology: Warlordism
Units: 20
=
Bandits
Sphere: Neutral (pro-Sun Yat-Sen)
Ideology: Banditry
Units: 21
=


-Republic of China- Huizhou-
President: Sun Yat-Sen (Gesar)
Government: Fledgling Republic
Popularity: High
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -19;
Naval Units: 0/0
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 0
Credit Income: +42 [+10 International trade]
Conflicts: Spreading Democracy



-German Empire-
Kaiser: Wilhelm II (Scorpion)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 63/75 (135 reserves), -75, 6 unit in Tianjin (-1), 5 Units in German Cameroon (-5), 10 unit in Kiautschou Bay (-10).
Naval Units: 14/23, (-115), (8 units complete in late 1899) 1 fleet in Tianjin (-1), 3 Fleet in Tiajin (-3), 3 Fleets in Kiautschou Bay (-3), 2 fleet in German Cameroon (-1) , 3 fleets in Southern China (-3)
Tech: Inf 5 Cav 4 Nvy 3 (4 in late 1900) Art 4 (5 in late 1901) MG 2 ( 3 in early 1901) Sub 1 Chem 1 (2 in early 1900);Specific: None
Defenses: Metz Fort Line
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (60 trade, -40 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +135 [+10 Chinese silk, +15 South-West African diamonds, +45 German steel, +40 international trade, +30 allied trade, +15 Cameroonian Rubber-30 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Civil War

-Austro-Hungarian Empire-
Emperor: Francis Joseph I (tardis218)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: high
Military Units: 40/50 (80 reserves), -50, 5 units in Shanghai (-5), 5 units in Luisha Harbor (-5)
Naval Units: 5/5, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Polish forts
Economy: +135 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 750
Credit Income: +58 [+40 international trade, +20 allied trade, -37 deficit]
Conflicts: Nationalist Upset

-Russian Empire-
Tsar: Nicholas II (Coin)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: medium
Military Units: 90/99 (130 reserves), -99; 40 units in Manchuria (-40)
Naval Units: 19/23, -115; 1 unit in Port Arthur (free), 3 units Patrolling Spain (-3)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 (4 in early 1901) MG 1 ( 2 in early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Port Arthur naval base
Economy: +260 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +58 [+20 Iranian textiles, +20 Manchurian coal, +20 Manchurian railway, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -65 deficit]
Conflicts: Restless soldiers. Occupation of Manchuria
=
Manchurian Self-Defense Groups
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Manchurian Nationalism, Anti-Foreign Sentiment
Units: 10

-Sublime Ottoman State-
Sultan: Abdul Hamid II (TRC)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 30/64 (32 reserves) -64, 10 unit in Tripoli (-10), 24 Units in Greece (-24)
Naval Units: 5/5,
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0 (10 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 1400
Credit Income: +15[+30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -70 deficit]
Conflicts: Ethnic Conflict
=
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 5
=
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 1
=
Armenian fedayi
Sphere: Russian
Ideology: Armenian Self-Protection
Units:3

-Kingdom of Italy-
King: Umberto I (Langben)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 36/37 (20 reserves), -37, 1 unit in Crete (-1),
Naval Units: 13/13, -65, Tech: Inf 4 Cav 2 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 (Early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +160 credits (-15 Strikes)
Colonial Income: +20 (30 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +89 [+30 international trade, +25 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Far-left unrest, Nationalist Protest

-Empire of Japan-
Emperor: Mutsuhito (Cthulhuvong)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very High
Military Units: 50/70 (40 reserves), -70, 10 units in Pieking (-10), 10 units in Shanghai (-10)
Naval Units: 1/6, -30, 5 blockading China (-5)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +125 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +75 [+40 international trade, +35 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Taiwanese Rebels
=
Taiwanese rebels
Sphere: Neutral (Chinese)
Ideology: Anti-Japanese resistance
Units: 0

-Kingdom of Serbia-
King: Aleksandar I ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 0/0, -0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Principality of Bulgaria-
Knyaz Eudoxia (Aegis)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 2/2, -10
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Border Tension, Coethnics in Ottoman Territory, Pan-Slavic elements


-Kingdom of Belgium-
King: Leopold II ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30, -30
Naval Units: 2/2 (10 reserve) -20
Economy: +65 credits
Colonial Income: 10 (20 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 300
Credit Income: +70 [+20 Congo Free State rubber, +10 Congo Free State ivory, +20 international trade, +20 allied trade, -15 deficit, -10 Congo mercenaries]
Conflicts: Congolese unrest
=
Tetela Tribe
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism
Units: 2

-Kingdom of the Netherlands-
Queen: Wilhelmina
Prime Minister: Nicolaas Pierson ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat high
Military Units: 30/30 (30 reserves), -30; 1 in Dutch East Indies (free)
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 1 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Water Lines, Stelling van Amsterdam (completed ???)
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (30 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +80 [+20 East Indies rubber, +10 East Indies tea, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Kingdom of Greece-
King: George I
Prime Minister: Georgios Theotokis ( )
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 10/10 (0 Reserves) -10
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +40 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit, -40 Ottoman Occupation]
Conflicts: Tensions with Bulgaria, expansionism

-United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway-
King: Oscar II
Prime Minister of Sweden: Erik Gustaf Boström()
Prime Minister of Norway: Francis Hagerup
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 40/40 (40 reserves) -40
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 (3 in late 1899) Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +90 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-South African Republic (Transvaal)-
President: Paul Kruger ()
Government: Republic
Military Units: 20/20 (10 reserves) -20
Naval Units: 0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +40 [+10 gold bonus, +10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tension with British
=
Boer guerrillas (Transvaal)
Sphere: Transvaal
Units: 1






[/quote]

Late 1899


http://i.imgur.com/1DX45It.png

World Conflicts
Pacification of Africa
Rebellions in the Spanish Empire
Chinese Civil war
Ottoman-Balkan War
Boer Wars
World News

Africa
- The French Bretonnet–Braun mission is destroyed in Chad, by the warlord Rabih az-Zubayr.
- The Boers reject British demands and renege against previous agreements. Their leaders claim the British Empire is too bogged down in China, Greece, and Sudan to intervene in South Africa. British newspapers carry rumors that Boer emissaries are dispatched to Italy and Germany to request military assistance.
- France deploys units in Spanish Africa. These forces begin to clash with the raiding tribal forces in the area. France loses one unit in the guerrilla warfare but is able to encircle the Sahrawi uprising and force its leadership to surrender.
- French influence grows in Morocco as more businesses invest in the country. Mining and trading operations begin to bring wealth too both France and Morocco.
- Ten British units are recalled from Sudan and Sent to Greece.
- The Mahdist movement evades the much smaller British and French forces sent to hunt it down. Khedive forces begin to assist in tracking down their Sudanese rivals.
- 20 British units are deployed to South Africa. Tensions with the Boers is at an all-time high.
- Additionally five units of the South African Division are created. Many of these are members of the Uitlanders who have fled from the Boer states.
- The Boer Commandos are mobilized.
- Rhodesian forces are also mobilized. As the year ends border skirmish break out among Rhodesian forces and the Boer commandos.
- The Boer republics declare war on the British Empire and launch an invasion of the Cape Colony and Colony of Natal. The quick moving Boers are able to win early victories against the British forces. At the small Battle of Talana Hill the British are able to drive back a Boer advance, but with heavy casualties.
- The Boers occupy the twon of Elandslaagte. The British counter back and win a tactical victory, but a misunderstanding led to a retreat.
- The Boers begin to besiege Ladysmith and Mafeking.
- The 20 British units in South Africa, supported by local militias begin to respond to attacks. However in a period known as the Black Week, the British suffer defeats at the Battles of Stormberg, Mangersfontein, and Colenso. These battles cause 2 casualties for the British, and one for the Boers. The antiquated tactics and weapons used by the British contribute to their defeat. These battles show the British population that this will not be a quick war.
- As the year comes to a close the British forces begin to launch reforms on their tactics and weaponry.

Asia
- The civil war in Korea grows worse as the peasant rebels gain strength.
- The Mongols launch a series of raids into Qing territory.
- Germany redeploys three land and 3 naval units from Tianjin harbor to Hainan Island. They easily overcome local resistance.
- The Russian forces launch a massive crackdown on Manchurian resistors. Their efforts capture or destroy 6 units. The local population isn’t exactly cooperating with the efforts, which allows the defense forces to survive in more remote locations.
- Envoys from Yunnan are dispatched to meeting with the Governor-General of Indochina. They ask for diplomatic recognition in return for trading rights.
- The United States sends one unit to the international city.
- Funding begins pouring into the international city.
- French forces begin consolidating their positions in China. They begin seeking local allies, especially in areas in Southern China.
- Tibet has sufficiently driven Chinese forces from its territory. A theocratic government is set up, headed by his holiness the Dalai Lama.
- In the international city some Chinese have begun to serve in the police or defense forces. Many see the city as a bastion of stability in an otherwise chaotic land.
- The British Far East fleets ends its state of conflict readiness and docks at Weihawei. Alongside this, the three British units in Peiking withdraw from the city and return to Hong Kong. 2 units in Shanghai are redeployed to Greece
- The Russian begin construction of the Lobanov Line. This line of fortifications defends the railway network in Manchuria. This solidifies Russia’s hold on the region.
- In the Treaty of Guangzhou the two republican Chinese factions unify. While they have been promised amnesty some lower officials in the Northern republican government are anxious or angry at the Southern government. Meanwhile the various warlords and bandit kings have maintained their level of independence.
- In occupied china acts of demolish and vandalism occur. Railroads and telegraph cables are destroyed in occupied areas. The damage is minimized in Manchuria as the Russians have been focused on protecting the railroads but is much greater in areas like Tianjin and Southern China.
- Chinese forces begin to plant mines in the various rivers and bays to stop foreign forces from intruding into the mainland. Likewise they poison water sources in occupied areas.
- Surrounded by hostile forces and suffering from disease outbreaks, French forces undergo one casualty in Peiking, and Japanese forces undergo one also. Some of these casualties come from “Dare to Die” suicide squads. These groups are made of fanatical students who are trying to ride china of the dreaded imperialists.
- Finally the Chinese people begin to move their herds away from European held areas and begin to destroy water paddies. This starts a minor famine in Chinese areas.
- Shanghai is able to resist the negative effects of this famine due to the sheer amount of money pouring into the city. German held territory to the North, and Austria and French held territory to the South is not so lucky. Famines begin to break out in this territory along with outbreaks of Cholera and typhoid that severely weaken troops in this area.
- One German unit in Tianjin, One French unit in Shanghai, one American unit in Shanghai, 2 Japanese units in Shanghai, and one 1 French unit in Southern China all succumb to disease related incidents.
- Chinese scorched earth policies aren’t costless. Many peasants are upset that a strange new government is actively creating famine and disease. Local self-defense groups arise to protect their food and water from the new government.
- Gelaohui assassinate the British ambassador to China while he was meeting with his German counterpart in Shanghai. This sets off a wave of assassinations and other acts of subversion in colonial cities. A riot breaks out in Tsingtau, which is suppressed by the police and German forces. The Germans claim the Gelaohui instigated the attack.
- The Triads also begin to cause chaos in occupied areas.
- Austria deploys two units each to the cities of Liushacun, Houfeng, Diancheng, Hehe, and Waicun in China. They encounter some local resistance.
- Chinese forces sail ships full of shrapnel and gunpowder into recently occupied Austrian ports. Combine with the usage of criminal elements and suicide squads, these developments cause two casualties amongst the Austrian invaders.
- Chinese military forces inflict an additional casualties on Austrian forces and drive them back into Luisha Bay.
- Chinese ships engaging in similar actions hurt trade coming out of ports in Chinese cities.
- Western Intelligence agencies report that secret organizations and networks of Chinese republican forces have been operating behind the lines of occupation. These actions have been carrying out low level assassination attempts.
- Many Western Europeans and Americans begin to question their government’s intervention into China. They see it as a costly, cynical imperialist move. Newspapers in France begin requesting that their government remove forces from China.
- A riot in Qingdao supported by the Triads and Gelaohui drives the overstretched German forces from the city. The city declares their allegiance to the Republic of China.
- Ma clique forces launch a successful assault against Qing Forces. This assault pushes them to the border of the new republic of Tibet.

Oceania
- Australian and New Zealand forces begin to mobilize. Their leaders are prepared to aid the Empire in its defensive conflict in Greece and also with the Conflict in South Africa.
- Germany purchases Mariana and the Caroline Island Chain from Spain.
- British fleet seizes German Imperial Mail Steamer Bundesrath accused of carrying contraband.

Middle East
- The Ottomans call up their reserves.
- After finishing the actions in Crete described below, the British Mediterranean fleet begins a blockade of the Ottoman Empire.
- Persia declares war on the Ottoman Empire. The Persian army launches two attacks. Both the Mosul Vilayet and Basra Vilayet are invaded by 20 units apiece. Which much of the Ottoman forces in Eastern Europe and Anatolia, the Persians are able to overcome local resistance quiet easily.
- Mubarak Al-Sabah, kaymakam of Kuwait, is able to flee on a merchant ship before the arrival of Persian forces. He takes up residency in Aden, from which he issues public demands for the British to honor their treaties and restore his position in Kuwait by driving the Persians out.
- In response to Russian announcements, described below, the Sultan of the Ottomans calls on the Muslim faithful worldwide to respond with a Jihad against the Christian crusade. The response outside Ottoman borders is lackluster.
- In the midst of the war, the Sultan meets with many moderate reformists. He permits them to begin drafting a constitution for his state.
- The Sultan also promises that Arabic will be used in education and that Arabs will play a role in the local government. Due to the decentralized nature of the Empire and the various revolts and invasions occurring, these reforms are not put into place.
- 15 Russian forces begin an invasion of Turkish Armenia. They invade the Erzurum Vilayet. Their movement is slowed by the mountaneous terrain. They encounter 5 Turkish units defending the region. assisted by Armenian defense groups they inflict 3 casualties on the Turks, while suffering only 1.

Europe
- Alfred Dreyfus is pardoned in France.
- The Spanish monarchy continues to make gains against the Carlist forces. They destroy 4 Carlist unts at the cost of two of their own.
- Germany has a war scare against Japan. Officials in the German government and military make anonymous statements to the press that they fear Japan will attack their territory and dependencies in the East. Newspapers and pamphlets decry the twin yellow perils of Republican China and Japan. Both are described as barbarians lacking in European customs and Christianity.
- The Russia Tsar attends the funeral of the Tsar of Bulgaria and gives a powerful speech: - Russian leaders call for a crusade to drive the foul Turks out of Europe and are joined by Bulgarian, Serbian, and Montenegrin forces.
- Russia recalls its fleet from Spain.
- In what appears to start a trend across Europe, British publications are filled with condemnations of the Boers. British newspapers slam the discrimination faced by the Uitlanders. Leftwing newspapers echo lord Salisbury’s claim that the Boer republics are supportive of slavery. War frenzy against the Boers develops in the UK and in South Africa.
- Austria provides economic aid to Romania. This is seen as a nice move by many commentators as the rest of the world seems to be engulfed in war.
- Austria begins a heavy campaign of industrialization by focusing on expanding the railroad line.
- Greece offers military bases to Great Britain in return for support against the Turks.
- The Greek army receives desperately needed supplies and advisors from British forces.
- The European naval race continues, as France begins to construct two naval units and Germany begins to construct four.
- The prime minister of Italy denounces Germany for failing to support it during the last several years as it faced hostility from many powers. Italy demands that Germany provide it with withheld aid.
- The Italian press begins to circulate the “Stabbed in the Pact” myth. They claim that Italy had fought a just war to remove an evil king that had engaged in foul oppression in colonies and had launched a wicked secret attack on USA. Italy was not supported by its allies in Austria and Germany.
- This propaganda campaign leads to increased support for right-wing movements and a temporary end to the strikes.
- Italy begins to break up the holdings of landlords whom the government deem as inefficiently using their land. This move pleases the rural workers and smaller tenant farmers. It does little to please the urban elements and obviously creates hostility amongst the rural elite.
- In France newspaper begin to print many articles criticizing the foul Turks for their human rights abuses and their lack of concern for human law. When French soldiers are mustered for deployment, a cheering crowd sends them on their way to protect Christendom.

Ottoman-Balkan War
- The Ottomans leave four units to occupy Athens
- Italy reinforces its position in Crete with 4 army units and 2 fleets.
- Greek forces dig into trenches and fortifications. The geography of Greece aids in their defense. They are outnumbered two to one by Turkish forces who launch a relentless assault. The Greek forces surfer five casualties, while the Turks suffer four. The arrival of Western powers helps to solidify the situation.
- The Western powers begin to aid Greece. The French first deploy 5 units that help the Greeks hold the line. The Turkish assault is halted but there are heavy casualties on both side, with the French and Ottomans both suffering one casualty.
- 10 British units arrive from Sudan and quickly are deployed to the front. Their heavy equipment is slower to disembark and is not yet able to join them at the front. The Ottomans deploy 17 fresh but green units to the Front.
- The Ottomans launch another assault. Their 27 units charge the 19 units of the dug in French, British, and Greek forces. The allied force lack much of their artillery as they had to rush to deployment. However, the allies are able to make use of their superior rifles and artillery. Additionally the British Mediterranean fleet is able to bombard the foul Turks. The Turks lose ten units, the British lose 3 units, the Greeks lose 1, and the French lose one. The Turks are repulsed and are forced to dig in. As the year comes to a close the allies are able to fortify their position with artillery and better machine gun positions.
- Two British units arrive from China to fortify the front even more.
- Twelve Italian units launch an amphibious assault on Turkish forces near Athens. The Turks are dug in and prepared for such an occurrence. The Italian navy has 3 ships supporting its troops. The Turks utilize a combination of artillery and machine guns to hit the Italian forces as they land. Some Italian forces get bogged down in various beachheads, but their superior numbers and naval support eventually allow them to break through. The exhausted Italians are able to occupy Athens. The Italians have suffered 6 casualties in this campaign, while the Turkish forces were utterly destroyed or captured.
- The Ottoman army of 22 units now has its flank exposed by 6 Italian units.

Bulgaria Campaign
- The Russians launch a force of 30 units through Romania and Bulgaria. This is supported by Bulgarian forces.
- 30 Russian forces invade Turkish territory via Bulgaria, where they are supported by 20 Bulgarian forces hungry for revenge. Their goals are to advance to the Aegean coast and to push the Turks back to Istanbul. The Turks meet the Russian forces with 35 units. Initially clashes go poorly for the outnumbered Turks. They lose 17 units to the Slav assault, while the Russian forces lose 5 units, and the Bulgarians lose 4. The Turks begin a righting retreat to Istanbul, while the Bulgarians capture Kavala.
- 15 Russian forces invade via Armenia
- The British Mediterranean fleet ends its blockade of Spain and joins with the British fleet in Crete. The Ottoman garrison on the Island promptly surrenders and the British are able to take 2 units of prisoners.
- Russia mobilizes part of its massive army. 30 units are reserves are called up.
- The Ottoman navy and the Russian black fleet both set sail to engage each other. The Russian fleet outnumbers the ottoman fleet 2-1 and has superior armor and weaponry on their vessels. The Russian fleet is able to bombard the Ottoman fleet from a safe distance, taking down 2 units. The Ottomans eventually close the gap and damage one Russian vessel when a lucky shell penetrates the hull and causes the vessel to sink. The Russians respond with an intense barrage and sink two more ottoman Ships. One loan Ottoman vessel is able to escape back to Istanbul.
- Serbian and Montenegrin forces advance south into Turkish territory and occupied Greece. They encounter little resistance.
- Serbian forces also move into the Sanjak of Novi Pazar. Ottoman forces in the area flee to the Austrian Garrison and surrender to them. The Serbian forces appear outside the Austrian fortresses and demand that the Ottoman force be handed over to them. The Austrian commander waits for word from Vienna. In the meanwhile Serbian forces begin to occupy the Sanjak.

The Arctic and Antarctica
- Austria begins whaling in Svalbard.

The Americas
- Mexico begins a series of economic reforms. They pass laws requiring foreign workers to be paid the same as Mexican workers. Next the government puts in new workplace health and safety requirements. A new bank is created to help poor peasants buy land from large hacienda. These reforms increase government support amongst the poor, but annoy large business owners and foreign employers.
- Mexico increases its support for the Superior Health Council.
- Leading a coalition of 9 units of Nicaraguan, Honduran, and Guatemalan forces, Mexico deploys 5 units of its own into El Salvador. Having allied with overthrown President Rafael Antonio Gutiérrez and declared their intention to restore him to office, the coalition forces invade from the north.
- A number of Salvadoran units defect to join their former President and general, and after a small number of clashes, President Tomás Regalado flees the capital for Colombia, departing from there by ship to Europe.
- Restored to power in San Salvador, President Gutiérrez reaffirms his country's commitment to the Pact of Amapala, and reconstitutes the United States of Central America.
- Germany begins to invest in petroleum in Veracruz and mines in Zacatecas. Due to corruption and the local bureaucracy the businesses are slow to take off.
- Britain signs several trade deals with Mexico. Additionally British advisors show up to help Mexico with future fortifications and with naval improvements.
- The United Kingdom and Mexico also sign a non-aggression pact, likely over British concerns for the territorial integrity of British Honduras.
- Not to be outdone, Germany also sends advisors to Mexico. In return Mexico allows for German economic investment in mining and industries.
- Combine training from the two great powers leads to tensions and accusation of spying by both sides. Mexican officials have to intervene to stop several minor quarrels that break out.
- The USA annexes the territory it received after the war with Spain. The populations of the various new territories are in various states of unhappiness over this matter, with Cuba and the Philippines being the most upset.
- In a move that is criticized by the political opposition and journalists, the USA redeploys units to the Philippines, Samoa, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. This move drives the Katipunan underground.
- The United States begins a massive naval expansion program. They plan to expand their navy by 10 ships by early 1901.
- The United States begins a small infrastructure expansion program in Greenland.
- Looking increasingly to its fellow Latin American countries, the Mexican government strengthens its trade ties with all the states of Central America, taking on more of their raw materials to feed growing investments in their commodities and manufacturing sectors.
- With falling imports of raw materials from Latin America, US foreign trade begins to decline.
- As the low-intensity American Indian Wars continue to wage, particularly in the Southwestern United States, the Texan government reports an noticeable increase in attacks, targeting particularly white settlers in the area.
- Ten units of the Mexican army are transferred from active service to the reserves, being appointed for re-training as a new operational group for tackling banditry and internal dissent.
- Anti-British sentiment remains on the rise in the United States, with recent tensions over the Spanish-American War, Venezuelan Crisis of 1895, and on-going (and increasingly tense) Alaskan boundary dispute continuing to bubble and combine with sore memories from the Revolution to the Civil war
- In scenes reminiscent of the Fenian raids which only died down in the last decade, Irish republicans launch raids from the US into Canada, ambushing local militia formations, burning buildings associated with the British government, and demanding freedom for Ireland.
- Reacting immediately Canadian militia move to quell the violence. They are soon joined by Canadian regular units, who position themselves along the US-Canadian border as accusations are levelled that these raids, like the last, are US-sponsored or condoned.
- With the border looking increasingly militarised and tensions remaining high, Northeast and Midwest states call for US troops to be deployed to watch the border in case of Canadian incursions.
- Far to the west in Alaska, American settlers request the US government deploy troops or ships to safeguard their right of passage through disputed areas.
____

Nation Stats

-United States of America-
President: William McKinnely (Tellos)
Government: Federal Republic
Popularity: medium
Military Units: 50/79 (47 reserves called up), -79; 11 units in Cuba (-11), 2 units in Puerto Rico (-2), 13 units in the Philiphines (-13), 2 units in Shanghai (-2), 1 Unit in Samoa (-1)
Naval Units: 9/14, -75; 1 fleet in Samoa (-1), 2 fleet in Cuba (-2), 1 fleet in Puerto Rico (-1), 3 fleet in the Philippines (-3), 2 Fleets in China (-2) (10 units complete in early 1901)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 (5 in early 1901) Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 (2 in early 1900) Chem 1; Specific: None
Defenses: Western frontier forts, Endicott coastal defenses
Economy: +265 credits
Colonial Income: -5 (40 trade, -40 upkeep, -5 Chinese chaos)
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: 203 [+20 United Fruit Company, +30 Brazilian rubber, +25 New York Stock Exchange, +45 international trade, +40 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Small pockets of American Indian resistance, Illinois Coal Wars, Pacification of the Philippines, Anti-British Sentiment, Canandian Border Tension
=
American Indians
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to white rule
Units: 0
=
Katipunan
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Spanish Nationalism, Independence for the Philiphines
Units: 0

-United Mexican States-
President: Porfirio Díaz(Huojin)
Government: Republic
popularity: low
Military Units: 25/ 30 units (30 reserves) -30, 5 units in El Salvador (-5)
Navy: 1/1 -5
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Economy: +95 credits
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +100 [ +35 international trade, +35 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Resistive Yaqui
=
Yaqui rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to Mexican rule
Units: 1

-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-
Queen: Victoria
Prime Minister: Lord Salisbury (Serenissima)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 7/58 (12 reserves called up, 5 South African reserves), -58; 10 in India (free), 10 in Egypt (free) 2 in Sudan (-2), 1 in Fashoda (-1), 5 unit in Hong Kong ( Free), One unit in French Africa (-1), 5 Units in Shanghai (-7), 9 in Greece (-9), 18 units in South Africa (-18)
Naval Units: 47/65 (-325) , 1 in Fashoda (-1), 2 units in Hong Kong (-2) 15 fleets in Crete (-15)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 5 Art 4 MG 3 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Egyptian garrison forts, Indian garrison forts, South African blockhouses, Portsmouth fortifications, Hong Kong Fortifications
Economy: +170 credits
Colonial Income: 60 (+210 trade, -140 upkeep, -10 Chinese chaos)
Deficit: 1000
Credit Income: +53[+20 Suez Canal, +20 Indian textiles, + 15 Indian Agriculture, +20 Afghan opium, +10 South African diamonds, +10 Chinese opium, +10 Canadian timber, +20 Gold Coast metals, +25 London Stock Exchange, +85 international trade, +75 allied trade, -50 deficit]
Conflicts:, Boer War, West African Tension, Indian tribalism, Reconquest of Sudan
=
Birsa Munda
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism, millennialism
Units: 0
=
Mahdist Movement
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islamic millennialism, Sudanese Independence
Units: 9
=
Dervish State
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islam, Somalian Independence
Units: 35

-French Republic-
President: Emile Loubet (Flamelord)
Government: Democratic Republic
Popularity: somewhate high
Military Units: 46/76 (70 reserves), -76, 10 in West Africa (Free), 9 Units in Southern China (-9), 2 units in Peiking (-2), 4 units in Shanghai (-4), five units in Spanish Morocco (-5)
Naval Units: 13/28, -140, 10 units patrolling spain (-10), 5 units in Spanish Morocco (-5) (2 units complete in early 1900)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 4 MG 2 (3 in late 1901) Sub 1 (2 in late 1901) Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Mougin turrets, Verdun forts
Economy: +150 credits
Colonial Income: 50 (130 trade, -80 upkeep,, -10 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +39[+20 French West African gold, +10 Central African ivory, +10 Chinese opium, +40 international trade, +10 Vietnamese Rubber, +70 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Pacification of African Interior, Drefus Affair
=
Rabih az-Zubayr
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Secessionism, Islamism
Units: 2

-Qing Empire-
Emperor: Guangzhou Emperor
Empress Dowager: Cixi
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Low
Military Units:30/30, (-34);
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1600
Credit Income: -5 [+20 Manchurian coal to Russia, +10 Russian-controlled railways, +20 allied trade, -80 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Civil War
=
Xingjiang
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Warlord
Units: 10

-Republic of China- Beijing-
President: Sun Yat-Sen (Gesar)
Government: Fledgling Republic
Popularity: High
Military Units: 40/40 (-40) (13 reserves)
Naval Units: 0/0
Tech: Inf 2 (early 1901) Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +135 credits (-15 Famines)
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 0
Credit Income: 100[+20 opium bonus going to Britain and France, +10 opium to unstable to export railways +10 silk to Germany, +10 allied trade, +10 international trade ]
Conflicts: Anti-Foreign Sentiment, divided military loyalty
=
Ma Clique
Sphere: Republic of China Beiyang
Ideology: Warlordism
Units:20
=
Anhui clique
Sphere: Republic of China Beiyang
Ideology: Warlordism
Units: 20
=
Bandits
Sphere: Neutral (pro-Sun Yat-Sen)
Ideology: Banditry
Units: 21
=
Peasant Self-Defense Organizations
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Protection
Units: 6

-German Empire-
Kaiser: Wilhelm II (Scorpion)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 63/75 (135 reserves), -75, 2 unit in Tianjin (-2), 5 Units in German Cameroon (-5), 10 unit in Kiautschou Bay (-10), 3 units in Hainan (-3)
Naval Units: 22/31, (-155), (4 units complete in early 1900) 1 fleet in Tianjin (-1), 3 Fleet in Hainan (-3), 3 Fleets in Kiautschou Bay (-3), 2 fleet in German Cameroon (-1) , 3 fleets in Southern China (-3)
Tech: Inf 5 Cav 4 Nvy 3 (4 in late 1900) Art 4 (5 in late 1901) MG 2 ( 3 in early 1901) Sub 1 Chem 1 (2 in early 1900);Specific: None
Defenses: Metz Fort Line
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (60 trade, -40 upkeep, -10 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +93 [+10 Chinese silk, +15 South-West African diamonds, +45 German steel, +50 international trade, +30 allied trade, +15 Cameroonian Rubber,-30 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Civil War

-Austro-Hungarian Empire-
Emperor: Francis Joseph I (tardis218)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: high
Military Units: 40/46 (80 reserves), -46, 5 units in Shanghai (-5), 2 units in Luisha area (-2)
Naval Units: 5/5, -30
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1;Specific: None
Defenses: Polish forts
Economy: +165 credits
Colonial Income: -5 (-5 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 750
Credit Income: +100 [+40 international trade, +20 allied trade, -37 deficit]
Conflicts: Nationalist Upset

-Russian Empire-
Tsar: Nicholas II (Coin)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: medium
Military Units: 83/123 (130 reserves, 30 reserves called up), -126; 40 units in Manchuria (-40), 27 units in Turkish Europe (-27), 14 units in Turkish Armenia (-14)
Naval Units: 21/22, -110; 1 unit in Port Arthur (free),
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 (4 in early 1901) MG 1 ( 2 in early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Port Arthur naval base; Lobanov Line
Economy: +260 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: -2[+20 Iranian textiles, +20 Manchurian coal, +20 Manchurian railway, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -65 deficit]
Conflicts: Restless soldiers. Occupation of Manchuria
=
Manchurian Self-Defense Groups
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Manchurian Nationalism, Anti-Foreign Sentiment
Units: 4

-Sublime Ottoman State-
Sultan: Abdul Hamid II (TRC)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 25/57 (20 reserves available, 19 reserves called up) -59, 10 unit in Tripoli (-10), 22 Units in Greece (-22)
Naval Units: 1/1, (-5)
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +120 credits
Colonial Income: 0 (10 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 1400
Credit Income: -16[+10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -70 deficit]
Conflicts: Ethnic Conflict
=
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 5
=
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 1
=
Armenian fedayi
Sphere: Russian
Ideology: Armenian Self-Protection
Units:3

-Kingdom of Italy-
King: Umberto I (Langben)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 20/31 (20 reserves), -31, 5 unit in Crete (-5), 6 units in Greece (-6)
Naval Units: 8/13, -65, 2 units deployed in Crete (-2), 3 units deployed in Greece (-3)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 2 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 (Early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +165 credits
Colonial Income: +20 (30 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +98[+30 international trade, +25 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Far-left unrest, Nationalist War Fervor

-Empire of Japan-
Emperor: Mutsuhito (Cthulhuvong)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very High
Military Units: 50/67 (40 reserves), -70, 9 units in Pieking (-9), 8 units in Shanghai (-8)
Naval Units: 1/6, -30, 5 blockading China (-5)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +125 credits
Colonial Income: -5 (-5 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +53 [+40 international trade, +35 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Taiwanese Rebels
=
Taiwanese rebels
Sphere: Neutral (Chinese)
Ideology: Anti-Japanese resistance
Units: 0

-Kingdom of Serbia-
King: Aleksandar I ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30 (20 reserves), -30
Naval Units: 0/0, -0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +60 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Principality of Bulgaria-
Knyaz Eudoxia (Aegis)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 10/30 (20 reserves), -30, 20 units in Ottoman territory (-20)
Naval Units: 2/2, -10
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +30 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Border Tension, Coethnics in Ottoman Territory, Pan-Slavic elements

-Kingdom of Belgium-
King: Leopold II ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 30/30, -30
Naval Units: 2/2 (10 reserve) -20
Economy: +65 credits
Colonial Income: 10 (20 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 300
Credit Income: +70 [+20 Congo Free State rubber, +10 Congo Free State ivory, +20 international trade, +20 allied trade, -15 deficit, -10 Congo mercenaries]
Conflicts: Congolese unrest
=
Tetela Tribe
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism
Units: 2

-Kingdom of the Netherlands-
Queen: Wilhelmina
Prime Minister: Nicolaas Pierson ()
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat high
Military Units: 30/30 (30 reserves), -30; 1 in Dutch East Indies (free)
Naval Units: 4/4 -40
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 1 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: Water Lines, Stelling van Amsterdam (completed ???)
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 20 (30 trade, 10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +80 [+20 East Indies rubber, +10 East Indies tea, +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-Kingdom of Greece-
King: George I
Prime Minister: Georgios Theotokis ( )
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 4/4 (0 Reserves) -4
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +46 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit, -40 Ottoman Occupation]
Conflicts: Tensions with Bulgaria, expansionism

-United Kingdom of Sweden and Norway-
King: Oscar II
Prime Minister of Sweden: Erik Gustaf Boström()
Prime Minister of Norway: Francis Hagerup
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat low
Military Units: 40/40 (40 reserves) -40
Naval Units: 2/2 -20
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +90 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +60 (+20 international trade, +30 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: None

-South African Republic (Transvaal)-
President: Paul Kruger ()
Government: Republic
Military Units: 19/19 (10 reserves) -19
Naval Units: 0
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0;Specific: None
Defenses: None
Economy: +40
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +39 [+10 gold bonus, +10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Tension with British
=
Boer guerrillas (Transvaal)
Sphere: Transvaal
Units: 1

Early 1900


http://i.imgur.com/1DX45It.png

World Conflicts
Pacification of Africa
Rebellions in the Spanish Empire
Chinese Civil war
Ottoman-Balkan War
Boer Wars
World News

Africa
- Britain recruits five more units.
- British and Imperial forces launch a counter attack against Boer Forces. They are able to relieve the sieges of Ladysmith and Mafeking. British forces advance into the Orange Free State and capture the Capital. The British forces suffer an outbreak of typhoid that slows their advance. Eventually forces are able to advance and capture Pretoria. British units suffer 3 units of casualties.
- British forces work on upgrading their tactics to fight a more mobile warfare. They improve their light artillery technology and develop tactics of fast cavalry columns.
- British mining interests begin to contribute to the government’s efforts to fight the War against the Boers.
- Boer Forces begin to Mobilize for guerrilla warfare. Even though their capitals have been occupied, the mobile Boers continue to strike against the British.
- Two ships begin patrolling South Africa. Britain convinces Portugal to clamp down on its border with the Boers.
- The Spanish government in Madrid voices its concerns and protests at French incursions into Spanish West Africa. Although they appreciate the assistance with tribal uprisings there, they remain protective of one of their last remaining colonies.

- Mahdist rebels begin rebuilding in the areas beyond the reach of stretched-thin European forces.

- The German steamer Herzog is released by a British warship in East Africa. With nothing found - except the Portuguese colonial Governor of Zambesia amongst the passengers - the ship and crew are released.

- Gravely insulted by the British colonial governor, Frederick M Hodgson, war breaks out between the Gold Coast colony and the Ashanti Kingdom, with a number of significant individuals kept under siege by the Ashanti in a small set of offices.
- Germany’s fleet leaves Cameroon.
- Rabih az-Zubayr is captured by French forces operating in Chad.
- There are an increased number of French settlers moving into French Algeria and establishing farmsteads. Many of the native Berbers and Arabs are upset that the French are taking the best agricultural land.
Asia
- Both Yunnan and Xinjiang denounce the republic of China as usurpers and imperialists.
- The British army of India begins to mobilize towards the border with Persia. There is heightened concern that war might break out between Persia and the UK over Kuwait.
- US military forces destroy 3 units of Filipino nationalists.
- In mysterious circumstances the Guangxu emperor is found dead. He is succeeded by the infant Puyi. Accusations are pointed by some at the Dowager Empresses.Ronglu takes control as regent.

- Ma Clique forces launch an all out assault upon the territory of Ronglu. Supported by Republican forces, they are able to capture the territory and imprison Cixi. Puyi is smuggled out of the territory before the Republicans can find him.
- Conditions in occupied regions of China continue to worsen as the spread of disease continues to ravage the European and Japanese forces occupying the area. Thus far insulated from the chaos, even Shanghai begins to feel the ill effects as the overcrowded refuge city becomes a hive of disease and sickness.
- With growing unease over Russian expansion in Asia (and having been ignored so far), Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, formally requests that London reinforce the Indian garrisons, and calling for further consideration of relations with Persia as vital in balancing the region.

- Seeing Britain weakened by its global conflicts and the Great Powers increasingly embarrassed in China, Indian nationalists also begin agitating. The moderates gain considerable ground and call strongly for Home Rule, enjoying massive support in Maharashtra, Bengal, and Punjab. Radicals also gain in strength, and been advocating for mass strikes and boycotts of British goods if reform is not forthcoming.
- Birsa Munda dies in prison, although his rebellion has had a significant impact in the region on perceptions of British rule in India, stoking the fires of nationalism.

- Datu Muhammad Salleh, leader of the Mat Salleh Rebellion, is killed by Maxim gun fire, along with large numbers of his followers. However the fighting in North Borneo continues to rage on.

- Lin Shao-mao, leader of a rebellion on Formosa against the Japanese, formally surrenders along with his men.
- Many Boxer units begins to Join the Republican Army.
- Austria begins to appoint local leaders to begin governing its territory.
- Austria deploys 10 units and 3 ships to fortify its occupied Chinese territory. However these forces are attacked by Boxers and Bandits loyal to the Republican government. The Austrians lose two units, while the bandits lose five.
- The Germans seek local allies among the Miao ethnicity in Hainan. The group supports the German efforts but some colonial officials believe the group is too small to be significant.
- Germany also seeks to establish a Sino-German Administrative zone in Shangdong peninsula. The German efforts prove successful, perhaps too successful, as refugees begin flooding into their territory. German medical and humanitarian aid offsets these issues.
- Japanese Aid also begins to arrive by ship into the Shangdong peninsula. These combine actions stave off the famine that is plaguing the rest of the country.
- Germany openly begins sending aid to the Peasant self-defense forces in their fight against the central government.
- Germany deploys five more units to the Shangdong peninsula along with an escort of 2 naval units. They are joined by 2 units recalled from Tianjin. These units join the 10 units in the Bay area in besieging the city of Qingdao. The city, facing disease and starvation surrenders to the German forces. The German forces establish a strong martial law in the territory and begin to root out any secret societies operating in the city.
- In Japan a flurry of anti-Russian propaganda begins. Japan blames Russia for the current civil war in Korea.
- Ten units from the Japanese Homeland and five units from Peiking move into the Korean mainland. Nine of these units begin to occupy key city centers. While the remaining six begin to attack any units currently fighting in the civil war. Japanese units demand that both sides surrender to the government.
- The Government of Korea appears to welcome this intervention and asks the people not to resist their Japanese Brother’s attempts to restore order. Despite the support by the Emperor some Korean forces resist the Japanese invasion and North the Korean Patriotic Front. They take up operations in the Northern part of the Empire, near the border with China.
- The Japanese destroy five units of the Peasant Movement, and another five units surrender. The final five begin a bitter guerrilla campaign against the Japanese occupiers and the Korean government.
- The Government of Korea adopts a constitutional Monarchy, which is based upon the Japanese model. The Emperor has great power, but the government has expanded civil liberties and bureaucracy. Many nationalist grumble that the Emperor has become a Japanese puppet. Japan begins to provide aid to Korea to help it with the war.
- Four Japanese Units leave the Shanghai and arrive at the Shandong peninsula. There is a tense standoff in the area when Germany ships begin aiming their weapons at the Japanese transport units. Warning shots fired by the Germans drive the Japanese away. Some politicians and journalist call for another Berlin Conference to formally divide up responsibilities and claims in China to avoid turning the "Scramble for the East" into a Bloodbath."

- Mongolian forces launch a series of devastating raids into Xian territory.
- France deploys two units to reinforce their position in Peiking. The allied military leaders in the city grow agitated over the lack of planning going into the future of the city.
- The Republic of Yunnan declares itself allied with France. With this move the leaders of the Republic hope the rest of the world will welcome it as a state.
- French forces begin arming peasant communities among the territory held by France. China is becoming awash in guns. The Republic of China no longer has a presence in Southern China or near the Shandong area.
- Ma Clique forces clash with French forces in Southern China, causing one casualty for both sides.
- In Shanghai the Metropolitan police and Volunteer Corps are expanded. Local Chinese and international mercenaries are highered to patrol the city. They are able to suppress Gelaohui activity in the city. But are hard pressed to deal with the influx of refugees.
- The Triad criminal activities have quieted down. There are rumors that they have started to take over the Opium trade as many merchants don’t want to risk their lives in the chaotic country.
- The United Kingdom begins mine sweeping and distributing aid to farmers and peasants in the regions surrounding Shanghai.
- Due to the famine, the popularity of Sun Yat Sen drops dramatically. Many begin to see him as another warlord.
- Tibet signs a defense Treaty with the British government. With this move, Tibet begins to establish itself as an independent state.
- Ma Clique forces begin to skirmish with Tibetan forces.
- The Anhui clique begins to advance towards Shanghai, capturing outlying settlements. The Europeans and defense forces begin to prepare the International city for a siege.
- French and Japanese Forces in Peking both suffering 1 unit of casualties from diseases and attacks by radicals. Without reinforcements, it is doubtful they will be able to hold the city for much longer.
- The British territory of Weihaiwei falls under Republican control. Republican troops supported by local boxers seize control of the territory.
- Germany is able to intercept orders being sent to operatives on Hainhain by the Chinese. The Island remains somewhat stable.
- Riots breakout in Hong Kong, which the British violently suppress.
-Europeans continue to suffer attrition in China. One British Unit in Hong Kong, 2 French units, and 2 German units all suffer casualties. Disease begins to spread into Manchuria where Russia suffers two units of casualties.
Oceania
- Queen Victoria lends her full support for Australian independence - despite her initial dislike of the name “commonwealth”.
Middle East
- With Turkish forces either in Anatolia or Europe, the already weakened Turkish hold over the Arabian Peninsula gives out. The Emirate of Jabal Shammar grows in strength. However other tribes have been raiding their territory.
- The Kingdom of Hejaz is proclaimed by a member of the Hashemite family. Possessing Mecca and Medina grants great legitimacy towards this newly emerging state. Already diplomats have been dispatched to the British and French to recognize this new kingdom.
- To the South, the Shia state of the Mutawakkilite Kingdom of Yemen emerges.
- - With the influence of Constantinople gone, Kurdish and Arab unrest begins to increase, particularly in Persian-occupied territories. Uprising also occur in the Caucasus amongst the Armenians and other groups, who eagerly throw off Ottoman governments and establish their own. An outright revolt occurs in Ottoman Syria, when Druze tribesmen clash with Ottoman-backed villagers and seizing control of the entirety of Jabal el-Druze.
- To the North Arab rebels seize the village of Shoubak
- With newly supplied Russian arms Armenians begin carry out killings of Turkish and Kurdish militants and civilians.
- Several smaller arab tribes begin signing treaties of defense and suzerainty with the British government.
- British naval units begin patrolling Kuwait. Persia withdraws its forces from Kuwait in response.
- Persian forces surge into Ottoman territory and seize Baghdad.
- Turkey withdraws ten units from Tripoli and sends them to Anatolia and Northern Syria.
- There is very heavy fighting between Turkish troops and supporting guerrillas and advancing Russian forces. Fifteen Turkish units stand against advancing Russian units. The Turkish territorial advantage offsets the Russian technological advantage and both sides fortify their position in the rocky terrain. Both sides suffer four casualties.

Europe
- A ceasefire is called in Spain. Negotiations begin between the Carlist forces and the Government. In return for amnesty, the Carlist King renounces his claim on the Spanish throne. Carlist forces are disbanded and the Spanish Civil war ends. The populace of Catalan and the Basque regions remain resistive as the Spanish government tries to reestablish control.
- Germany expands its chemical industry. It seeks to become the largest exporter in industrial chemicals in the world.
- Germany orders the construction of four more naval units. Some observers believe this is the continuation of a naval race with the United Kingdom. However, Germany’s new foreign policy treaty quickly silences these observations.
- Kaiser Wilhelm visits the United Kingdom. The United Kingdom and Germany sign a treaty of Friendship. The treaty is heavily opposed, but ultimately passes, in Parliament. Many wonder if this move will continue or end the splendid isolation. In Germany the treaty is greeted warmly and is seen as a move becoming of an heir of Bismarck. In France and Russia, this treaty is heavily condemned. France especially sees this as a stab in the back as it seriously complicates French plans to augment its security relative to Germany.

- Inspired by events in North America, Irish republicanism continues to vocally voice its views in Britain, with calls for home rule being most popular, but a growing sentiment in favour of a free republic.

-Heir to the Austro-Hungarian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, renounces the right of succession of his future offspring in order to marry Countess Sophie Chotek von Chotkova in a morganatic marriage.
- In light of Austro-Hungarian agreements surrendering Novi Pazar to Serbia and Montenegro - the latest in a series of blunders - the perceived weakness of the government results in a near-revolution, as nationalists of all stripes press their claims. From Czechs to Germans, Slavs to Ukrainians, protests erupt calling for a new autonomous structure to the government - with more radical elements calling even for the abolition of the monarchy itself, and independence for all contingent nations. Vienna and Budapest are paralysed with protests, industry is halted by strikes, and even military elements put down arms in protest.
- Furthermore a group of noble Austria demand that the government retake territory given to Italy and Serbia and restore Austria to a position of prominence in the Global order. They heavily criticize the Archduke for sending troops to die in a disease ridden and worthless part of China when the opportunity for expansion in the Balkans had presented itself.
- Protestors gather outside of the remaining Austrian forts in Novi Pazar. The Serbians demand that the Austrians fully withdraw from the territory. A diplomatic incident occurs when a Serbian youth attempting to scale a fort’s wall is shot and killed by a Hungarian soldier. Serbian protestors have begun to block the arrival of aid and supplies to the forts.
- Turkey drafts 30 units. o
- Greece Campaign- The uncertain chain of command and logistical needs leads the allies to initially not engage in any action in Greece.
- The Turks take advantage of this silence to launch an attack upon Italian forces. 3 Turkish units attack the Italian troops in Athens. The outnumbered Turkish forces keep their distance. It quickly becomes apparent to the Italians this is a holding movment.
- The Turkish forces begin advancing towards Athens, engaging in Scorched Earth policies along the way.
- The Turks begin to assault the exhausted Athenians in the second Battle of Athens. Outnumbered and outgunned, the Italian forces put up a valiant defense. However the Turks have superior numbers on their side. The Italians lose 3 units while the Turks suffer 1 units of casualties.
- The Allied forces of Greece, UK, and France eventually arrive and begin a violent assault upon the Turkish forces. The Allies can bring their superior technology to bear upon the Turks, and inflict 6 casualties. This comes at the cost of 1 British, 2 French, and 1 Greek casualty.
- The Turkish forces are driven north. Facing Serbian and Montenegrin forces in the North, and the allied forces in the South, Turkish forces surrender upon receiving news from Istanbul.
- Minor skirmishes break out between Drunken Italian troops and their British and French comrades. Several Italian officers publish a statement saying that the allies intentionally delayed their mission to increase Italian casualties, while the allies argued the delay was due to the scorched earth policies of the Turks.

- Thrace campaign - 50 Turkish forces, including the recently mobilized 30 units begin to advance towards
- Turkish forces fight tooth and nail to defend their capital from advancing Russia and Bulgarian forces. Serbia sends 10 units to join the fight.
- Despite the valor of the Turkish soldiers and conscripts, the Slavic forces have superior numbers and resolve. Furthermore Russia’s black sea fleet has disabled Turkish costal batteries after stuffing one casualty.
- In the Thrace campaign, Turkish units suffer 30 casualties, while Russia suffers 7, Bulgaria suffers 9, and Serbia suffers 2.
- Turkish units retreat into Constantinople, which is being bombed by the Russian black sea fleet.
- The Slavic forces begin an assault on Constantinople. House to house fighting commences. Turkish forces suffer 10 units, while Russia suffers 2, Bulgaria 3, and Serbia 1. The Remaining Ten Turkish units are captured and the Ottoman Sultan is taken into custody.
- The Flag of the Orthodox Church is flown over the Sultan’s palace, Haga Sophia, and the Blue Mosque.
- In response to the overtly Christian mission, religious groups begin to arm themselves.


The Arctic and Antarctica
- Captain Umberto Cagni of Italy set off from Franz Josef Land for the North Pole. They failed to reach it, but planted the Italian flag at 86–34 N, closer than anyone had before, before turning back.
- Germany cancels its whaling contract with
The Americas
- Rumours emerge that the Canadian government is considering updating the “Permanent Militia” into a formal force for Canadian defense. There is also talk of a separate General Staff being established, which would oversee Canada’s forces and draft war plans for neighbouring countries - in the cases of neutrality, defense, and offence.
- The UK moves to unify the regional police forces into the Royal Canadian mounted police. This police force starts to patrol the border with the USA and forces militia units to withdraw from the border.
- Modelled on US university exchanges with Europe, universities across Latin America begin exchanging students on summer courses. Begun in part by Mexican institutions seeking cultural exchanges and closer relations, the idea has spread quickly.
- The Mexican government puts lessons learned by foreign trainers to use, revitalising their military academy curriculums and refreshing General Staff plans.
- France sends aid to Haiti. This helps their economy grow. It is one of the few nice points of a darkening world.
- America remains deeply divided, with anti-imperialists making great progress ahead of the November elections. With William Jennings Bryan heading for the Democratic convention unopposed, many anticipate another McKinley-Bryan contest.
- Following an aggressive foreign policy in the aftermath of the Spanish-American War, the USA continues to isolate itself from the rest of the world. Stoked by surprise Presidential candidate and hero of the Spanish-American War, Theodore Roosevelt tensions with Britain, Canada, and even Latin American countries continue to rise.
- Tensions remain over the US-Canada border raids, as a number of US politicians (particularly with Irish backgrounds or ties) condemn the deal being made as “anti-Irish” and resulting in persecution of Irish people.
- In the State of New York, this unrest combines with Anglophobe sentiments and results in a series of protests outside the British consulate.
- Likewise in Canada the deal is not wholeheartedly endorsed, but for a different reason - a lack of compensation. Citing the previous Fenians raids and their lack of compensation from America, a number of Canadian politicians demand that this time, America pay for the damage done and the lives lost.
- With neither side fully happy with the result, state national guards, police forces, and militia units remain on careful watch in a number of places along the border.
- A devastating fire destroys much of the cities of Hull and Ottawa in Canada, leading to colossal financial damages and leaving 12,000 homeless. Accusations are levelled at Irish republicans for setting the fire, or in somewhat encouraging it.
- The Alaska boundary dispute is settled in negotiations between the USA and the United Kingdom.
- Observers in London wonder if Canada is developing separate foreign policy ambitions, as in the aftermath of their exclusion from negotiations on the border raids or the Alaskan dispute, further independence is seen to be exercised - though only in minor ways.
- A number of American settlers in Alaska also voice their discontent, citing the “drastically” redrawn border that gave substantial areas to Canada, as well as concerns that the US was dictated to by Britain, rather than pursuing its own resolution.
- Citing increased migration and settlement in Alaska, the territory is placed under military rule, creating the Department of Alaska within the US War Department. Some in the War Department advise a similar status for Greenland.

- French colonial troops in Martinique fire on 1,200 rioting miners, killing at least nine.
- The mayor of San Francisco addresses an anti-Asian rally in the city, declaring that “The Chinese and Japanese are not bonafide citizens. They are not the stuff of which American citizens can be made."

- McKinley's government announces its plans to decolonize Cuba - however it is extensively opposed in the Senate, as well as by revived Havana Club - a group of powerful pro-American figures in Cuba favouring continued annexation and eventual statehood.
- In a blow to Mexican efforts to establish a Pan-American court of Justice. Argentina and Chile approach Great Britain for mediation. The United Kingdom held leverage in its production of battleships and its investments into both countries.
- Brazil and the United Kingdom sign a treaty of Friendship. During the signature of the treaty the Foreign Minister of Brazil gives a speech about a new imperialism gripping the Americas.
- Mexico, Central America, Costa Rica, and Guatamal sign the treaty of Monterrey. Members of the treaty await the resolution of the civil war in Colombia to invite Colombia to sign this treaty. This treaty provides a trade boost. Some small bourgeois and farmers in Central America fear that this will lead to Mexican dominance.
- All of Latin America save Chile and Argentina sign the treaty of San Jose. Many no longer trust America’s ability to resolve conflicts in the Western Hemisphere.
- Foreign Investments begin to pour in to the Pan-American railway. Mexico, Austria, France, and Central America Republic all look to benefit from this effort.
- President McKinley is shot by anarchist Leon Czolgosz. Czolgosz claims he shot the president on behalf of working people everywhere. This assassination leads to arrest of several anarchists including Emma Goldman, who is eventually released. Garret Augustus Hobart is sworn in as president.
- With this assassination, it looks for sure that Theodore Roosevelt will face William Jennings Bryant, who has picked prominent industrialist Andrew Carnegie as his running mate.
- The United States establishes the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the US Marshals. These agencies quickly get to work hunting down anarchists and Irish terrorists.
- The USA continues to expand infrastructure in its new colonial possessions. This effort seeks success in the more pacified colonies of Puerto Rico and Guam.
- The United State upgrades its ports at New York City, San Francisco, and Charleston. At these new ports the United States begins to build 8 new ships, which will be completed in late 1900. America will soon have the third largest navy in the world, causing concern amongst European powers.
- America recruits five new units
- Protests begin in many American cities, led by the Anti-Imperialist league. They demand the demobalization of US forces.
- Mexico begins a process of industrialization. Mexico hopes to take advantage of the reduction of tariffs with much of central.
- - With the USCA reunited, a conference is called in Ampala to discuss future unity and the treaty signed in 1897 to establish wider Central American unity. The governments of Guatemala and Costa Rica accede in part to the treaty, beginning to slowly integrate into the United States of Central America.
- President Cipriano Castro of Venezuela announces jointly that he and Rafael Uribe Uribe (aspiring President of Colombia fighting for control through a civil war) have agreed to reunite Venezuela and Colombia, and to jointly establish peace in conflict-stricken parts of the country. Venezuela promptly sends its army into Colombia, catching the Conservatives off guard and rescuing the hard-pressed Liberals.
- Asked to provide security against foreign intervention by Uribe, Mexico and the USCA deploy a small contingent of troops into Panama, vowing to prevent imperialist interference in Latin American affairs, but also to protect foreign interests from attack.
- Condennation is mounted against Venezuela by many smaller states in Latin America and beyond that it has invaded and annexed Colombia. A call to remove Venezuela from the recently signed treaties of Monterey and Treaty of San Jose is sent out.
- Investigating the American Indian raids, the Texan government unveils proof of Hispanic American involvement in the intensification of the raids, rapidly sentencing a number of "conspirators" to prison. This prompts violence against members of the Hispanic community.
- American and Canada begin to stop each other’s ships for inspections. Tensions remain on an all-time high.
- Adding to these tensions is the fact that a group of Irishmen is caught sneaking over the US-Canadian border. They quickly confess that their terrorist cell is receiving funding to engage in these actions, but they are unsure of who is doing so.
____

Nation Stats
United States of America
President: John Hay (Tellos)
Government: Federal Republic
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 50/79 (47 reserves called up, 5 reserves), -79; 11 units in Cuba (-11), 2 units in Puerto Rico (-2), 13 units in the Philippines (-13), 2 units in Shanghai (-2), 1 Unit in Samoa (-1)
Naval Units: 19/24, -120; 1 fleet in Samoa (-1), 2 fleets in Cuba (-2), 1 fleet in Puerto Rico (-1), 3 fleets in the Philippines (-3), 2 fleets in China (-2) (8 units complete in E1901)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 (5 in E1901) Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 (2 in E1900) Chem 1; Specific: None
Defences: Western frontier forts, Endicott coastal defences
Economy: +160 credits
Colonial Income: -15 (30 trade, -20 upkeep, -5 Chinese chaos, -20 colonial pacification)
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +58[+10 Costa Rican Bananas, +10 Colombian Bananas, +25 Brazilian Rubber, +20 New York Stock Exchange, +10 Alaskan Gold, +10 Cuban Sugar, +10 Filipino Tobacco, +10 Liberian Debt Servicing, +40 international trade, +30 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Small pockets of American Indian resistance, Illinois Coal Wars, Pacification of the Philippines, Anti-British Sentiment, US-Canadian Border Attacks, Irish Unrest
=
American Indians
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to white rule
Units: 0
=
Katipunan
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Filipino Nationalism
Units: 4
=
Cuban Patriots
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Cuban Nationalism
Units: 5

-United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland-
Queen: Victoria
Prime Minister: Lord Salisbury (Serenissima)
Government: Parliamentary Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: High
Military Units: 7/53 (12 reserves called up, 5 South African reserves, 5 reserves), -53; 10 units in India (free), 10 units in Egypt (free), 3 units in Sudan (-3), 4 unit in Hong Kong (free), 1 unit in French Africa (-1), 5 units in Shanghai (-5), 8 units in Greece (-8), 15 units in Boer teritory (-15)
Naval Units: 42/65 (-325) , 1 fleet in Fashoda (-1), 2 fleets in Hong Kong (-2) 15 fleets in Crete (-15), 2 Fleets patrolling South Africa (-2), 3 Fleets patrolling Kuwait (-3).
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 5 Art 4 MG 3 Sub 1 Chem 1; Specific: None
Defences: Egyptian garrison forts, Indian garrison forts, South African blockhouses, Portsmouth fortifications, Hong Kong Fortifications
Economy: +165 credits
Colonial Income: 60 (+190 trade, -110 upkeep, -20 Chinese chaos)
Deficit: 1000
Credit Income: +130 [+20 Suez Canal, +5 Straits of Gibraltar, +10 Straits Settlements, +20 Indian Textiles, +15 Indian Agriculture, +10 Afghan Opium, +10 South African Diamonds, +10 Chinese Opium, +10 Canadian Lumber, +10 Gold Coast Metals, +25 London Stock Exchange, +10 Australian Wool, +10 West Indian Sugar, +10 Malayan Plantations, +5 Siamese Rice, +10 Chilean Nitrates, +10 Argentinian Livestock, +0 Kuwaiti Mercantilism (10 too unstable to export), +75 international trade, +75 allied trade, -50 deficit]
Conflicts: Boer War, Greco-Turkish Crisis, West African Tension, Reconquest of Sudan, Chinese Chaos, Kuwait Crisis, Mat Salleh Rebellion
=
Birsa Munda
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Tribalism, millennialism
Units: 0
=
Mahdist Movement
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islamic millennialism, Sudanese Independence
Units: 9
=
Dervish State
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Islam, Somalian Independence
Units: 35
=
Mat Salleh's forces
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-colonial
Units: 2
=
Boer Guerrillas
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Anti-Colonial
Units: 25

-French Republic-
President: Emile Loubet (Flamelord)
Government: Parliamentary Republic
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 34/70 (70 reserves), -70, 10 units in West Africa (free), 7 units in Southern China (-7), 3 units in Peking (-3), 3 units in Shanghai (-3), 5 units in Spanish Morocco (-5), 6 in Greece (-6)
Naval Units: 13/28, -140, 10 fleets patrolling Spain (-10), 5 fleets in Spanish Morocco (-5) (2 units complete in E1900)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 4 Art 4 MG 2 (3 in L1901) Sub 1 (2 in L1901) Chem 1; Specific: None
Defences: Mougin turrets, Verdun forts
Economy: +150 credits
Colonial Income: 45 (130 trade, -75 upkeep, -10 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +116 [+20 French West African Gold, +10 Central African Ivory, +10 Chinese Opium, +10 Vietnamese Rubber, +5 Siamese Rice, +15 Algerian Agriculture, +10 Congolese Lumber, +10 Chadian Cotton, +10 Malagasy Corvée, +10 Ivorian Cacao, +10 Trans-America Railway, +40 international trade, +70 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Pacification of African Interior, Dreyfus Affair, Chinese Chaos, Greco-Turkish Crisis

-German Empire-
Kaiser: Wilhelm II (scorpion)
Government: Federal Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat High
Military Units: 58/73 (135 reserves), -73, 5 units in German Cameroon (-5), 15 units in Kiautschou Bay (-15), 3 units in Hainan (-3)
Naval Units: 26/35, (-175), (4 units complete in L1900) 1 fleet in Tianjin (-1), 3 fleet in Hainan (-3), 5 fleets in Kiautschou Bay (-5), 3 fleets in Southern China (-3)
Tech: Inf 5 Cav 4 Nvy 3 (4 in L1900) Art 4 (5 in L1901) MG 2 (3 in E1901) Sub 1 Chem 2;
Specific: None
Defences: Metz Fort Line
Economy: +200 credits
Colonial Income: 35 (75 trade, -30 upkeep, -10 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +112 [+10 Chinese Silk, +20 South-West African Diamonds, +45 German Steel, +15 Cameroonian Rubber, +10 Tanganyikan Coffee, +10 Togoland Cacao, +0 Turkish Railways (15 too unstable to export), +45 international trade, +35 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Chaos

-Austro-Hungarian Empire-
Emperor: Francis Joseph I (Tardis218)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 30/44 (80 reserves), -44, 5 units in Shanghai (-5), 10 units in Luisha area (-10)
Naval Units: 2/5, -30 , 3 units in Luisha (-3)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 4 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 1 Chem 1; Specific: None
Defences: Polish forts
Economy: +140 credits
Colonial Income: -5 (-5 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 750
Credit Income: +83 [+20 Danube River Tariffs, +7 Trans-America Railway, +20 Bosnian Taxes, +40 international trade, +20 allied trade, -37 deficit, -30 Rent to Sweden-Norway]
Conflicts: Nationalist Unrest, Chinese Chaos, Revanchist Sentiment

-Russian Empire-
Tsar: Nicholas II (Coin)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Medium
Military Units: 83/108 (130 reserves, 30 reserves called up), -108; 38 units in Manchuria (-38), 18 units in Turkish Europe (-18), 10 units in Turkish Armenia (-10)
Naval Units: 12/21, -110; 1 unit in Port Arthur (free), 9 Fleets In Constantinople (-9)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 (4 in E1901) MG 1 (2 in E1901) Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Defences: Port Arthur naval base; Lobanov Line
Economy: +215 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1200
Credit Income: +79 [+20 Persian Textiles, +20 Manchurian Coal, +20 Manchurian Railways, +20 Ukrainian Grain, +20 Trans-Siberian Railway, +30 Manchurian Occupation +30 international trade, +30 allied trade, -60 deficit]
Conflicts: Restless soldiers, Occupation of Manchuria, Greco-Turkish Crisis
=
Manchurian Self-Defence Groups
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Manchurian Nationalism, Anti-Foreign Sentiment
Units: 4

-Kingdom of Italy-
King: Umberto I (Langben)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very Low
Military Units: 20/28 (20 reserves), -28, 5 unit in Crete (-5), 3 units in Greece (-3)
Naval Units: 8/13, -65, 2 units deployed in Crete (-2), 3 units deployed in Greece (-3)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 2 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 (Early 1901) Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +135 credits
Colonial Income: +20 (30 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 600
Credit Income: +124 [+20 Italian Industry, +10 Eritrean Precious Metals, +40 international trade, +35 allied trade, -30 deficit]
Conflicts: Far-left unrest, Nationalist War Fervour

-Sublime Ottoman State-
Sultan: Abdul Hamid II (TRC)
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 1/20 (9 reserves called up) -20, 15 Units in Greece (-15)
Naval Units: 1/1, (-5)
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +115 credits
Colonial Income: 0 (10 trade, -10 upkeep)
Deficit: 1400
Credit Income: +65 [+30 Turkish Straits, +10 international trade, +20 allied trade, -70 deficit]
Conflicts: Ethnic Conflict, Greco-Turkish Crisis, restless religious groups
=
Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organisation
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 5
=
Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee
Sphere: Bulgarian
Ideology: Regional Autonomy, Unification with Bulgaria
Units: 1
=
Armenian Fedayi
Sphere: Russian
Ideology: Armenian Self-Protection
Units:3
=
Druze Rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Independence
Units: 5
=
Arab Rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Independence
Units:5

-Empire of Japan-
Emperor: Mutsuhito (OYID)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Very High
Military Units: 44/66 (40 reserves), -66, 3 units in Peking (-3), 4 units in Shanghai (-4), 15 units in Korea( -15),
Naval Units: 1/6, -30, 5 blockading China (-5)
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 3 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +130 credits
Colonial Income: -5 (-5 Chinese Chaos)
Deficit: 400
Credit Income: +124 [+10 Formosan Sugar, +40 international trade, +45 allied trade, -20 deficit]
Conflicts: Taiwanese Rebels, Chinese Chaos
=
Taiwanese rebels
Sphere: Neutral (Chinese)
Ideology: Anti-Japanese resistance
Units: 0

- Dong Fuxiang Forces - [+20 Manchurian Coal to Russia, +10 Manchurian Railways to Russia]
Emperor: Puyi
Government: Absolute Monarchy
Popularity: Appalling
Military Units: 15/15 (0 reserves), -15
Naval Units: 0
Tech: Inf 2 Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +20 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 1690
Credit Income: -90 [+20 allied trade, -80 deficit]
Conflicts: Chinese Chaos, Anti-Foreign Sentiment
=
Xinjiang
Sphere: Qing
Ideology: Warlord
Units: 10

-Republic of China- [+10 Chinese Opium to Britain, +10 Chinese Opium to France, +10 Chinese Silk to Germany, +10 Chinese Railways too unstable to export]
President: Sun Yat-Sen (Gesar)
Government: Provisional Republic
Popularity: Low
Military Units: 40/40 (13 reserves), -40
Naval Units: 0/0
Tech: Inf 2 (E1901) Cav 2 Nvy 1 Art 2 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +135 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 0
Credit Income: +100 [+10 allied trade, +10 international trade, -15 Famines]
Conflicts: Anti-Foreign Sentiment, Divided Military Loyalties
=
Ma Clique
Sphere: Republic of China Beiyang
Ideology: Warlordism
Units: 19
=
Anhui clique
Sphere: Republic of China Beiyang
Ideology: Warlordism
Units: 20
=
Bandits
Sphere: Neutral (pro-Sun Yat-Sen)
Ideology: Banditry
Units: 21
=
Northern Peasant Self-Defense Organizations
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Protection
Units: 9
=
Southern Peasant Self-Defense Organizations
Sphere: Neutral (French)
Ideology: Protection
Units: 7
=

-United Mexican States-
President: Porfirio Díaz (Huojin)
Government: Republic
popularity: Somewhat Low
Military Units: 25/30 units (30 reserves) -30, 5 units in El Salvador (-5)
Navy: 1/1 -5
Tech: Inf 4 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 2 Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +100 credits
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +105 [+10 Trans-America Railway, +35 international trade, +35 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Resistive Yaqui
=
Yaqui rebels
Sphere: Neutral
Ideology: Resistance to Mexican rule
Units: 1

-Principality of Bulgaria-
Knyaz: Eudoxia (Aegis)
Government: Constitutional Monarchy
Popularity: Moderate
Military Units: 10/20 (20 reserves), -30, 10 units in Ottoman territory (-10)
Naval Units: 2/2, -10
Tech: Inf 3 Cav 3 Nvy 2 Art 3 MG 1 Sub 0 Chem 0; Specific: None
Economy: +70 credits
Colonial Income: 0
Deficit: 500
Credit Income: +50 [+20 international trade, +25 allied trade, -25 deficit]
Conflicts: Border Tension, Co-ethnics in Ottoman Territory, Pan-Slavic elements
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