The Iraqi-Soviet Treaty of Friendship and Cooperation
Being firmly convinced that international problems in the contemporary world must be solved through co-operation and by seeking solutions acceptable to the parties concerned,
Being inspired by the ideals of struggle against imperialism, colonialism, Zionism and reaction, and for the freedom and independence and social progress of peoples,
Reaffirming their determination to abide by the purposes and principles of the United Nations Charter,
Desirous of expanding and consolidating the existing relations of friendship, co-operation and mutual confidence between them,
The Iraqi Republic on the one side, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics on the other side,
Have decided to conclude the present treaty and agreed on the following:
ARTICLE 1
The High Contracting Parties solemnly declare that a lasting and unbreakable friendship will always exist between them. They will continue to develop comprehensive co-operation between the two countries and their peoples on the basis of respect for state sovereignty, territorial integrity and non-interference in each other's internal affairs.
ARTICLE 2
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, as a socialist state, and the Iraqi Republic, which has set itself the aim of the socialist reconstruction of society, will cooperate closely and in all fields in ensuring conditions for preserving and further developing the social and economic gains of their peoples.
ARTICLE 3
The Iraqi Republic respects the peace-loving policy of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics aimed at strengthening friendship and co-operation with all nations. The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics respects Iraq's policy of non-alignment and reaffirms that this policy constitutes an important factor in the maintenance of universal peace and international security and in the lessening of tensions in the world.
ARTICLE 4
Guided by the aspiration to promote in every way the maintenance of international peace and the security of peoples, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and the Iraqi Republic will continue with the utmost determination to exert efforts toward achieving and ensuring a lasting and just peace in the Middle East in accordance with the aims and principles of the United Nations Charter.
ARTICLE 5
Guided by the ideals of the freedom and equality of all peoples, the High Contracting Parties condemn imperialism and colonialism in all their forms and manifestations. They will continue to wage an unrelenting struggle against imperialism and for the complete and final liquidation of colonialism in pursuance of the UN Declaration on the Granting of Independence to All Colonial Countries and Peoples, and will wage an unswerving struggle against racism and apartheid.
ARTICLE 6
The High Contracting Parties shall promote further development of ties and contacts between them in the fields of science, art, literature, education, public health, press, radio, television, cinema, tourism and sports.
ARTICLE 7
Deeply interested in ensuring universal peace and security, attaching great importance to their mutual co-operation in the international field for achieving these aims, the High Contracting Parties will maintain regular contacts with each other on major international problems affecting the interests of both the States by means of meetings, and exchanges of views between their leading statesmen, visits by official delegations and special envoys of the two Governments, and through diplomatic channels.
ARTICLE 8
In the interests of strengthening the defence capability of the Iraqi Republic, the High Contracting Parties will continue to develop cooperation in the military field on the basis of appropriate agreements between them. Such cooperation will provide, in particular, for assistance in the training of Iraqi military personnel and in mastering the armaments and equipment supplied to the Iraqi Republic for the purpose of strengthening its capability in the cause of eliminating the consequences of aggression as well as increasing its ability to stand up to aggression.
ARTICLE 9
In accordance with the traditional friendship established between the two countries, each of the High Contracting Parties solemnly declares that it shall not enter into or participate in any military alliance directed against the other Party. Each High Contracting Party undertakes to abstain from any aggression against the other Party and to prevent the use of its territory for the commission of any act which might inflict military damage on the other High Contracting Party.
ARTICLE 10
Each High Contracting Party undertakes to abstain from providing any assistance to any third country that engages in armed conflict with the other Party. In the event of either being subjected to an attack or a threat thereof, the High Contracting Parties shall immediately enter into mutual consultations in order to remove such threat and to take appropriate effective measures to ensure peace and the security of their countries.
ARTICLE 11
Each High Contracting Party solemnly declares that it shall not enter into any obligation, secret or public, with one or more States, which is incompatible with this Treaty. Each High Contracting Party further declares that no obligation be entered into, between itself and any other State or States, which might cause military damage to the other Party.
ARTICLE 12
This Treaty is concluded for the duration of fifteen years and will be automatically extended for each successive period of five years unless either High Contracting Party declares its desire to terminate it by giving notice to the other High Contracting Party twelve months prior to the expiration of the Treaty. The Treaty will be subject to ratification and will come into force on the date of the exchange of Instruments of Ratification which will take place in Moscow within one month of the signing of this Treaty.
ARTICLE 13
Any difference of interpretation of any Article or Articles of this Treaty which may arise between the High Contracting Parties will be settled bilaterally by peaceful means in a spirit of mutual respect and understanding.
Done in Baghdad.