Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Revolutionary News Digest

The Revolutionary process unleashed by the Mexican peoples has brought about a journalistic, academic and artistic Renaissance the likes of which the world has never seen. In the interest of spreading and deepening this process, the National Congress of Indigenous Peoples approved Resolution 314-c on January 12th 1931, said Resolution establishes the Revolutionary News Digest as a joint publication of the United Commissions of the Interior and the General Committee for Friendship With Foreign Peoples. This publication is to translate a selection of texts from various outlets within the Mexican territory and distribute them through the UMP's embassies, consulates and foreign legations. Readers are encouraged to write back with specific questions or topics of which they would like to learn more.
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Durango Herald - April 19th 1936
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The Tequio System: Backbone of Indigenous Communalism
By Gerardo Martínez, First Administrator of Agricultural Matters for Durango,
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Members of the Women's Labor Coordination Committee of Tlahuitoltepec during a Solidarity Expedition to the Lower Oaxacan Valley. Photo: MexNews.

As the Revolution swept away the remnants of the old regime, it was only natural that folks should begin to wonder about what exactly would come to replace the semi-feudal colonial-capitalist order. This question was especially pressing for those of us in the North, who had increasingly seen ourselves as political orphans, long ago abandoned by our opportunistic former leaders and now grasping at whatever foreign influences could be said to carry the seed of change.

Down South, however, the situation was different altogether, for all the peoples had to do was recover and expand what was already there: the Tequio system, which had been used by the Indigenous peoples for centuries to share and distribute labor in an equitable way, so that the entire community could prosper the same. Broadly speaking, Tequio is a Nahuatl word (as we all know, Nahuatl has been the lingua franca of many indigenous peoples since the days of the Mexica or "Aztec" Empire) which refers to communal arrangements through which all the households of a community labor in one given household's field, pooling their strength together so that the land may be fully exploited, until the work in that plot is done and the community as a whole moves on to the next household's field, and so on until the entire community's lands are all exploited at their full capacity.

This traditional system ensures that no land goes to waste and no family is left at a disadvantage, and that the shared responsibility for performing the work creates a sense of common success which in turn becomes the basis for a large variety of communal activities, from simply sharing tools or food from time to time to organizing the large patron saint festivities for which our peoples are known.

It is in this spirit that from the early days of the Revolution the indigenous peoples insisted on the Tequio as the necessary backbone for renewing the land. Indeed, from the start, revolutionary communes revolved around the Tequio, and as time has gone by the institution's centrality has only become more apparent, as hundreds upon hundreds of different organizations (some upholding the banners of Western thought-patters such as Anarchism or Socialism, others simply affirming their geographical origin) have formed throughout our territory, most of them coalescing around a series of large regional coordinating entities such as the West-Oaxacan Federation of Tequios, the Greater Lower-Bajío Union of Agrarian Initiatives, or the Confederated Mayan Assemblies of the South-East. These organizations work with the United Commissions of the Interior as well as the High Directorate of Agricultural Matters to coordinate the delivery of resources to the various communal structures set up by the Revolution (resources which include labor itself, delivered to communities in need through the famous Solidarity Expeditions of the last few years).

Durango now faces a unique opportunity: as a result of the events of the last civil war, we are in the privileged position of being a Northern state under the direct administration of the National Congress of Indigenous Peoples. This means that we can count on Federally-coordinated aid and resources to re-establish the Tequio system in our region, in whatever form it may have. The High Directorate is currently working with the National Institute of Indigenous Studies as well the Autonomous University of Durango to trace back the legacy of Tepehuan communalism and rebuild indigenous institutions after centuries of destruction. It won't be easy, and we are well aware of the cultural and even "racial" resistance this effort will encounter, but we are confident that, as this initiative develops, the peoples of Durango (and, more generally, of the Mexican North) will witness firsthand the advantages of Indigenous communalism, and we can finally leave behind the era of the obstinate repetition of incoherent systems such as "villista forts."

Agriculture is central to the Mexican Revolution. It is imperative that we follow the Indigenous example of working for the common good, which is based on ancient and solid traditions of shared work.
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Headline post.
Black Star - December 29th 1935
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GOOD RIDDANCE TO LIBERAL PIGS!
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From left to right: Francisco Ignacio Madero, who is DEAD, and Alexander Kerensky, who is also FUCKING DEAD

Yesterday we woke up to the wonderful news that some blessed son of Anarchy has taken the life of one of the best-known charlatans and apologists for Capital: herr Alexander Kerensky, who ruled Russia on behalf of Germany ever since the counter-revolution of 1920. Whereas a handful of liberal holdouts will mourn his death, here at Black Star we want to dedicate today's editorial to celebrating the death of one of the last famous purveyors of that most pernicious of bourgeois ideologies: liberalism.

As Mexicans who have sided with the Revolution and taken up the task of undoing the Power of the State (not just in the concrete sense but in every aspect of our lives), we couldn't be happier that the long-term con-job that was liberalism sheds another discredited corpse on its way out. The history of Mexico was beset by liberals for over eighty years, until the Revolution came in and swept all that away. Nowadays their program is completely discredited, but for that to happen our peoples (like the ones in Russia) had to live through the disastrous effects of putting it in practice.

Liberalism has its roots in the bourgeois co-opting of Enlightenment values. Seeing that the French Revolution gave birth to socially-and-politically-dangerous groups and ideologies such as the early socialists or the organized Sans-Culottes, the bourgeoisie quickly moved to mold the Revolution's principles into something more manageable, which could be used to advocate for greater economic freedom (for them) but still crush the oppressed peoples whenever they disobeyed. They needed to be able to advocate for a certain set of humanist values while still defending the capitalist and State order as necessary for those same principles to be fulfilled. Thus liberalism was born. Throughout the past century it would remain the ideology of the urban, technology-and-industry-oriented bourgeoisie, as opposed to the landowning elites who had stronger ties to the religious and aristocratic trappings of the Ancien Régime.

Here in Mexico, the poor and downtrodden lived through the destructive effects of many civil wars between liberales and conservadores. These wars reached a climax when the French Empire got involved in 1862 on behalf of the conservatives, although liberals eventually won out in 1867. Their first and prolonged president was Benito Juárez, our nation's first Indigenous head of state. Despite being a Zapoteco himself (and the Zapotecos having their own history of dispossession and resistance against capitalism and the State), he was an enthusiastic practitioner of the dark arts of liberalism.

At the same time that he advocated values like freedom of worship and republicanism, Juárez expropriated lands that had been kept by or granted to Indigenous communities throughout the land, some of them dating back to before the Spanish Conquest, and he had no qualms about using the State's forces to impose capitalism's inexorable will, like when he sent the army into Sonora in 1868, just one year after defeating the French, to brutally quell a native Yaqui uprising. These policies left large numbers of indigenous peasants suddenly landless and reduced to working as day-laborers in large estates, many of which had recently become much larger thanks to this period of institutionalized theft. Measures such as pay in company scrip and physical violence as a disciplinary method became routine, and would help set the stage for the Revolution.

Indeed, we can never repeat this enough: Zapata and his people first rose up to restore the Indigenous order that was broken only a few decades earlier by liberal reforms. Liberalism thus served the purpose of deepening capitalist exploitation and tried to break the backbone of Indigenous resistance to capitalism's ills. Ironically enough, by leaving the Indigenous peasantry landless they only made them acutely aware of the rotten con-job that the whole thing was.

Even during the Revolution, there was a brief period of time during which Madero, the leader of the original uprising, tried to rule Mexico with a liberal program. He quickly fell, however, as he had lost the support of peasant leaders like Zapata, who demanded he actually take action to redistribute land, and the continued peasant uprisings made the bourgeoisie anxious about liberalism's ability to stop and crush a popular insurrection. Madero was betrayed by his own Chief of Staff, whose dictatorial period was probably the last period of probable liberal government in the former Mexican State. From that point forward, both the higher and the ruling classes came to see liberalism as discredited.

And so we say: good riddance to liberalism! May you and the pigs who stood by you rot alone forever! The peoples of the world are moving on from your siren song, and capitalism itself has fallen back on conservatism and monarchy as its backup, no longer able to keep up the farce that were "liberal values." Even the previously-mocked idea of a "somewhat socialist" bourgeois government is increasingly gaining traction, since the rich are now willing to risk giving the peoples a bare taste of social justice rather than be associated with the thoroughly exhausted liberal model of years past.

Liberalism is over, it belongs to the past century. Good riddance to liberal pigs!
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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World Review - May 2nd 1936
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WHAT WILL AN ANDEAN INDIGENOUS SOCIALISM LOOK LIKE?

-Ehécatl Hernández, senior indigenous affairs editor.

Image

Last month, during the APLF Congress, I had the privilege of conversing with a good friend of mine, José Carlos Mariátegui, Leader of the Peruvian Syndicalist Union. A renowned author and hardened revolutionary in his own right, José Carlos has always been fascinated by the prospect of mixing revolutionary socialist ideas with traditional Indigenous organization, an interest that has been kicked into high gear after the continued successes of the Mexican Revolution.

Although his native Peru is still under the Capitalist yoke, he seemed rather agitated and eager to talk about the revolutionary potential of the social organization of the quechua or Incan peoples, who live across a land now divided among Peru and Bolivia. Considering recent events, in hindsight it's no wonder that he would exude such excitement, and APLF rumor has it that he has been traveling the revolutionary Bolivian countryside, no doubt aiding and learning all he can from the radical Indigenous Socialist experience blossoming all around him.

At the time of the Congress, we published a long interview with him that covered many topics, although Mariátegui kept bringing the conversation back to the subject of the traditional organization of the Incas. I now see that his enthusiasm was well-justified, and I would like to share with you an excerpt from that conversation that might give us a hint of the change to come:
JCM: That's just the thing, everyone talks about the Incan "Empire" because that's how the Europeans perceived it. They saw a ton of people working together and living in peace, and figured that they were visiting some sort of Empire like the ones in Europe, and that the man with the biggest headdress must therefore then be the Emperor. Sadly, many people in the revolutionary movement even to this day adhere to such a primitive understanding of the sophisticated ancient Incan society.

For starters, that man so respected was not the "Emperor", but rather the Inca, an elected representative, and what the Europeans saw around them (but were too stuck in helplessly primitive Imperial thought-patterns to notice) was the Incans' traditional communal ayllu organization, in which a network of communes, or ayllus, where a locality's families would come together to discuss common matters until they achieved consensus, were set up all across the land to organize and shoulder the burden of agricultural labor. While indigenous modes of production have been described as fitting the Marxist notion of "Asian mode of production", the reality is that the profoundly direct-democratic and egalitarian nature of the ayllus made the reality of the Incan world, or Tahuantinsuyo, much closer to a pre-industrial form of Communism than anything else. This fact alone is of capital importance since many elements of this social organization have lived on in resistance over centuries of colonial rule, and represent an untapped spring of potential for the fight to come.

Restoration of the ayllu system would mean putting the land back into community control through local People's Power assemblies that included all of the families of a given community or area. For large cities, this would perhaps require a tiered system of representation, always accountable to local assemblies of course, but it's not unfeasible that within a few years the land expropriated from the large oligarchic estates would be more than enough to feed a large-scale exodus from the cities and a restoration of the Incan agrarian utopia, this time bolstered by the latest technological developments as freely acquired through a mix of traditional mountain agriculture and knowledge sovereignly developed in a massively-strengthened education sector.

This reminds me of my own thesis about the three stages of education in the American continent...
As I re-read these quotes I can't help but wonder where exactly is my good friend now, surely studying some fascinating aspect of the indigenous political process, or perhaps tending to scholarly discussions regarding some unforeseen complication. Wherever he is, I'm sure Mariátegui is bringing with him the revolutionary socialist spirit that has set him apart at his young age. This spirit can be appreciated in the following quotation from his famous Seven Interpretative Essays on Peruvian Reality, already a classic:

Peruvian Socialism must not be copy or trace, but heroic creation.
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Black Star - May 10th 1936
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Theater Review: Ed and Louie put on a stupid boring old show

The old and proud art of Theater (always a favorite in anarchist circles) has endured some worrying transformations as of late. It seems that while the stages of the world are filled with the sharp and unyielding social commentary of Federico García Lorca and Bertolt Brecht, it is now the parliaments (and the headlines) the ones who serve as stages for the currently-unfashionable broad comedy of errors of old.

Only this could explain the clownish and overblown performances put on by a couple of would-be acteurs, one Luis María, currently presenting on the Algerian stage, and good old Eddy Winsgordo, who's been a good sport all year and gone on a grand tour of literally-captive audiences around the world. Both men play slightly-updated versions of the "bad king" archetype one might recognize from plays by Lope de Vega in Spanish Literature class.

While the two of them go all-out, both in terms of their stilted interpretations of all the spastic affect of zarzuela kings and in their long bloodthirsty tirades, there is a clear difference between the performances of Louie, who elevates tired old comedy acting into the silent comedy short-film age, and Ed, who, quite frankly, seems uncomfortable in his role and gives one the impression of a man being bullied by a petty father-figure into performing in his shadow.

Indeed, as Anarchists and men committed to the healthy and free development of the arts, we wish to caution Eduardo against the temptation to fall into submission towards a "bigger man", as this road can only lead to more frustrations, such as the time when, upon being (rightfully) called out on the unavoidable political ramifications of his garish show, he was quick to issue out the rumor that he is really a "powerless" figurehead in all this situation, immediately contradicting his character's previous vociferous manifestations of personal bloodlust and ill will to mankind.

Perhaps Winsgordo would be more at peace if he turned himself in to the actual British authorities (we can tell they're the real deal because they're the ones actually located in Britain) and face the inevitable punishment required for a man who, too proud to join the Theater, took his apocalyptic revanchist-genocidal ramblings to the political stage.
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Black Star - May 20th 1936
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Questions we would ask Herbert Hoover if he were sitting right here in front of us

Mr. President, is it not true that colonialism is an irredeemable evil and an unconscionable blight upon the world? Is it not also true that the United States itself was founded on resistance and military victory against illegitimate colonial rule?

Is it not true, as the Mexican ambassador pointed out, that classic Enlightenment-era Republicanism is another cornerstone of the US-American national ethos? Are his declarations pertaining to historical support by the United States towards Mexico’s own anti-Imperialist Republican struggle incorrect? Is George Washington’s principled refusal to hold on to Power not a singular and exemplary moment of model American patriotism?

Is it false that, as many have pointed out, the United States’ Secretary of State recently performed a grievous betrayal of traditional US foreign policy, which was to stand with democracies against revanchist monarchical plots?

Is it false that the Union of Britain is currently holding its Trade Union Congress, a political forum in which many different factions have voiced their opinion, vying for influence in a publicly-accountable manner, and that this behavior is a shining beacon of democracy seen around the world?

Is it not obvious then that the Union of Britain is indeed a democratic country? Could there be any possible justification for a continued US policy of “playing dumb” when pressured about the very public and commented-upon warmongering remarks issued by any number of big-hatted mafia boss “monarchs” who constantly threaten another World War?

Is the Secretary of State sincerely not aware of the presence and activity of one such "Clown Prince of Crime" to the north of the US national border? Would this not then constitute a serious failing on the part of any country's chief diplomat, and grounds for the immediate dismissal of such a willfully ignorant and irresponsible person?

Is there any specific part of the Internationale's sincere concern regarding the future of World Peace that is not being articulated clearly? Have we failed to impose upon you the urgency of protecting untold millions from the horrors of war? Does the possibility of another global conflagration not keep every head of state up at night?

Are you familiar with the casualty reports of the Battle of the Somme? Have you ever spoken to a veteran of the Great War?

Do the United States have any intention of standing for something on the international stage? Or is it content to serve as a regional taskmaster for tyrants who openly threaten to reanimate the blight of war?

Do you read Black Star?
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Black Star - May 22nd 1936
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One more question, Mr. President...

When welcoming a would-be mass-murderer to comfortably tell "his side of the story" will you confront him about the massive potential human cost of his public designs, or will you allow him to send his own people back again into the trenches with impunity?
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Re: Mexico: Revolutionary News Digest

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Red Preacher - September 6th 1936
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Special Service for the Martyrs of Panama

The International League of the Socialist Faithful summons all women and men of good faith to accompany us in prayer and remembrance of the thousands killed by Imperialism in our sister country of Panama

Metropolitan Cathedral - Mexico City/Tenochtitlán - Sept 10 - 9 AM
Schedule:
  • 9 AM - 10: Multicultural Opening Ceremony, live broadcast via Assisi Radio.
  • 10 AM: General Address "Remembrance and international class war" by the People's Elected Archbishop Monseñor Rigoberto Rentería.
  • 10:30 AM: Ecumenical Mass, accompanied by messages from Panamanian, Paraguayan, Bolivian and Centroamerican ILSF delegates.
  • Noon: Erection of Collective offering (open invitation to assist with flowers, bullet casings or other relevant objects). Choral reading of the name of the dead. Twelve gun salute.
  • 1 PM: Brigades final formation and farewell. Mobilization.
ILSF International Brigades recruiters will be present at the event. All potential volunteers are called upon to present themselves at the enlistment booth (next to the Cathedral main entrance, with the camo pattern tarp). Weapons and transport will be provided, but all volunteers that can provide their own are welcome to do so.
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